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目的了解1985～2010年25年间烟台市7～18岁城乡学生视力不良流行状况,为防控学生视力不良的发生发展提供科学依据。方法利用1985,1995,2000,2005和2010年烟台市学生体质健康调研城乡视力不良资料,进行流行病学分析。结果 1985～2010年烟台市7～18岁城市学生视力不良率为57.51%,乡村学生视力不良率为61.08%,城乡比较,差异有统计学意义(χ2=25.636,P=0.000)。视力不良检出率依次分别是乡女﹥城女﹥乡男﹥城男;初中和高中视力不良检出率乡村均高于城市;重度视力不良构成乡村亦高于城市。结论烟台市乡村学生视力不良从发病率、性别,学段、以及程度诸多方面,都存在高于城市的严峻问题。
Objective To understand the prevalence of poor eyesight among urban and rural students aged 7-18 in Yantai from 1985 to 2010, and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the occurrence and development of poor eyesight. Methods 1985, 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 Yantai students physical health research of visual acuity in urban and rural areas, epidemiological analysis. Results Between 1985 and 2010, the poor eyesight rate of students aged 7 ~ 18 in Yantai city was 57.51%, and that of rural students was 61.08%. There was a significant difference between urban and rural areas (χ2 = 25.636, P = 0.000). The detection rates of poor eyesight were as follows: rural women> urban and rural women> rural male> male urban; the detection rate of poor eyesight in junior middle school and high school were higher in rural than in urban; the severe visual acuity in rural areas was also higher than that in urban areas. Conclusions The poor eyesight of rural students in Yantai City is higher than that of the urban areas due to incidence, gender, academic period, and degree.