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目的结合人感染H7N9禽流感病例的调查处理探索突发公共卫生事件现场流行病学的应用效果。方法对1例人感染H7N9禽流感病例开展流行病学调查和密切接触者观察,采用RT-PCR法对核酸进行亚型的鉴定。结果根据临床表现和病原学检测结果,确诊为人感染H7N9禽流感病例;患者病前曾到过居住地附近的一家兼营活禽的菜市场买菜,吃过1次冻鸡肉,余无可疑接触史;对患者的4名密切接触者进行观察,未发现人与人之间的传播。病例呈现起病急、进展快和多脏器严重损害等特征,经积极救治无效,患者发病第7天死亡。疫情处理以疾病预防控制和临床专业为技术支撑,政府重视,多部门协作;报告及时,反应迅速;多次流调,不断充实完善;收到良好的效果。结论病毒株为禽类性特征,未见人间传播,但病毒感染来源和传播因素不明;现场流行病学为突发公共卫生事件应对提供了重要的理论和方法。
Objective To explore the epidemiological application of public health emergencies in combination with the investigation and treatment of human cases of H7N9 avian influenza. Methods A case of human H7N9 avian influenza was investigated by epidemiological investigation and close contacts. The subtype of nucleic acid was identified by RT-PCR. Results According to clinical manifestations and etiological test results, confirmed cases of human infection with H7N9 bird flu; patients had to live before living near a live grocery market to buy food, eat a frozen chicken, I no suspicious contacts The history of the patient’s four close contacts were observed, found no inter-person transmission. The cases showed acute onset, rapid progress and multiple organ serious damage and other characteristics, the active treatment is invalid, the patient died on the 7th day. Outbreaks were treated with disease prevention and control and clinical specialties as technical support. The government attached importance to them and coordinated with various departments. The report was timely and promptly responded to. The epidemic was repeated and the enrichment and improvement were continuously carried out. The good results were received. Conclusions The virus strain is characterized by avian characteristics and no human transmission was observed. However, the sources of virus infection and the factors of transmission are unknown. Epidemiology in the field provided an important theory and method for the response to public health emergencies.