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2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者动脉粥样硬化(AS)发生的自身免疫反应机制目前备受关注。多种免疫细胞(主要是CD3+ CD4+ T细胞,还有少数树突状细胞和肥大细胞)、细胞因子及抗体等通过与血管内皮细胞表达的各种粘附分子,如血管细胞粘附分子(VCAM)-1、细胞间粘附分子(ICAM)-1结合,参与T2DM患者AS斑块的形成。临床上目前虽无法检测到与AS发生、发展有关的独特性T细胞克隆,但通过检测血液中VCAM-1、ICAM-1以及几种自身抗原及其抗体,如热休克蛋白、氧化低密度脂蛋白(oxLDL)的变化可间接预测T2DM患者AS的发生、发展。
The autoimmune response mechanism of atherosclerosis (AS) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is currently receiving much attention. A variety of immune cells (mainly CD3 + CD4 + T cells, but also a small number of dendritic cells and mast cells), cytokines and antibodies through a variety of adhesion molecules with vascular endothelial cells, such as vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM ) -1, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM) -1 binding, involved in the formation of AS plaque in T2DM patients. Clinically, although it is impossible to detect the unique T cell clones associated with the development and progression of AS, VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and several autoantigens and their antibodies in the blood such as heat shock protein, oxidized low-density lipids The changes of oxLDL can indirectly predict the occurrence and development of AS in T2DM.