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任务复杂性的分析和评估是心理测量学和认知心理学都非常关注的重要主题.以往有研究者根据关系复杂性理论对拉丁方任务的复杂性进行了分析,不过其分析存在一些不足.本研究以195名二至五年级儿童为被试,考察了对拉丁方任务事前分析的合理性,并探讨了复杂性对不同年级儿童表现的影响.结果表明:(ⅰ)对拉丁方任务事前分析的关系复杂性以及任务解决至少需要的加工步骤均能显著预测Rasch模型分析的项目难度和儿童正确回答时的反应,说明对拉丁方任务复杂性的分析具有一定的合理性;(ⅱ)二至五年级儿童能较好地解决关系复杂性为二元关系或三元关系的拉丁方任务,但在四元关系任务的解决上仍存在困难.本研究最后探讨了任务复杂性事前分析的特点和问题.
The analysis and assessment of task complexity are two important topics of great concern to both psychometrics and cognitive psychology.In the past, researchers analyzed the complexity of Latin square tasks according to the theory of relationship complexity, but there are some shortcomings in the analysis. In this study, 195 children from grade 2 to grade 5 were selected as subjects to examine the rationality of prior analysis of Latin mission and to explore the impact of complexity on performance of children of different grades.The results showed that: (i) The complexities of the analyzes and the processing steps required to solve the tasks can significantly predict the project difficulty of the Rasch model analysis and the responses of the children when they reply correctly. It is reasonable to analyze the complexity of Latin square tasks. (Ii) The fifth grade children can solve the Latin party task whose relationship complexity is binary relationship or ternary relationship, but there are still difficulties in the solution of quaternary relationship task.Finally, this study explores the characteristics of ex ante analysis of task complexity And the problem.