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目的评估2型糖尿病患者并发心血管疾病的风险同时,调查患者的健康信念,并分析两者之间的相关性。方法选择武汉大学人民医院2014年6月—2015年6月收治的218名2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象。比较年龄、收缩压、舒张压、体质指数、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平以及吸烟对不同性别患者并发心血管疾病风险的影响,同时采用Framingham风险评估量表对患者心血管疾病风险进行评估,采用糖尿病患者预防心血管疾病健康信念量表评价患者健康信念。结果收缩压、总胆固醇以及吸烟是造成不同性别患者不同程度心血管疾病风险差异的因素,男性患者未来10年心血管疾病风险危险度评分为(12.77±3.19)分,女性为(16.28±5.67)分,男性患者心血管疾病风险高于女性患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);男性患者健康信念总均分为(60.08±12.21)分,女性为(66.09±9.52)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2型糖尿病患者未来10年并发心血管疾病风险等级与健康信念得分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论加强2型糖尿病患者健康信念有助于降低2型糖尿病患者未来10年并发心血管疾病的风险,从而改善患者生存质量。
Objective To assess the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to investigate the patients’ health beliefs and to analyze the correlation between the two. Methods 218 type 2 diabetic patients admitted to the People’s Hospital of Wuhan University from June 2014 to June 2015 were selected as the study subjects. The effects of age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and smoking on the risk of cardiovascular diseases in different genders were compared. Framingham risk assessment scale was also used to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease , The use of diabetes prevention of cardiovascular disease health belief scale evaluation of patient health beliefs. Results Systolic blood pressure (SBP), total cholesterol (TC), and smoking were the risk factors contributing to different degrees of cardiovascular disease in different sexes. The risk of cardiovascular disease in male patients was (12.77 ± 3.19) in the next 10 years and (16.28 ± 5.67) in women, (P <0.05). The male health beliefs had a mean score of (60.08 ± 12.21) points and females (66.09 ± 9.52) points, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The risk grade of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes patients was negatively correlated with the score of health belief in the next 10 years (P <0.05). Conclusion Enhancing the health beliefs of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus helps to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes patients with cardiovascular disease in the next 10 years and thus improve the quality of life of patients.