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目的:了解黏附分子E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)在子痫前期患者胎盘中的表达情况,探讨其参与子痫前期发病的机制及与胎盘重量、新生儿体重的关系。方法:以60例子痫前期(PE)妇女为研究组,其中轻度子痫前期30例(MPE组),重度子痫前期30例(SPE组)。20例正常妊娠妇女为对照组。采用免疫组化SP法检测两组胎盘组织中E-cadherin的表达水平,用平均灰度半定量表示,用SPSS软件分析其表达结果及其与胎盘重量、新生儿体重的关系。结果:E-cadherin在胎盘中的平均灰度值研究组高于对照组(P<0.01),SPE组高于MPE组(P<0.01)。研究组胎盘重量、新生儿体重低于对照组(P<0.01),SPE组胎盘重量、新生儿体重低于MPE组(P<0.01)。对照组中胎盘E-cadherin的表达与胎盘重量、新生儿体重的相关系数r分别为-0.22、-0.25,MPE组分别为-0.35、-0.44(P<0.01),SPE组分别为-0.47、-0.55(P<0.01)。E-cadherin在胎盘中的平均灰度值新生儿体重<2 500 g者高于≥2 500 g者(P<0.01)。结论:子痫前期患者胎盘中E-cadherin呈高表达,随着病情加重其表达增强,提示其可能参与到子痫前期的发病机制中,并与胎儿生长受限相关。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of E-cadherin in the placenta of preeclampsia patients and to explore the mechanism of its involvement in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and its relationship with placental weight and neonatal body weight. Methods: Sixty women with preeclampsia (PE) were included in this study. Among them, 30 were mild preeclampsia (MPE group) and 30 were severe preeclampsia (SPE group). Twenty normal pregnant women as control group. The expression of E-cadherin in two groups of placenta was detected by immunohistochemical SP method. Semi-quantitative expression was used to measure the expression of E-cadherin in placenta. The relationship between the expression of placental weight and neonatal body weight was analyzed by SPSS software. Results: The average gray value of E-cadherin in the placenta was higher in the study group than in the control group (P <0.01) and higher in the SPE group than in the MPE group (P <0.01). The weight of placenta and neonatal birth weight were lower in the study group than in the control group (P <0.01). The placental weight and newborn weight in the SPE group were lower than those in the MPE group (P <0.01). The correlation coefficient r between the expression of placental E-cadherin and the weight of newborns in the control group was -0.22, -0.25, -0.35, -0.44 respectively (P <0.01) in MPE group and -0.47 in SPE group -0.55 (P <0.01). The mean gray value of E-cadherin in the placenta was higher in neonates with body weight <2500 g than ≥ 250 g (P <0.01). Conclusion: E-cadherin is highly expressed in the placenta of patients with preeclampsia, and its expression is enhanced with the exacerbation of the disease, suggesting that it may be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia and is related to fetal growth restriction.