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汽车轮胎在路面滚动行驶时,其橡胶组件的应变和应力以动态变形方式经历周期变化,由于受到应力与应变时间历程固有相位差影响而产生严重滞后损失。滚动轮胎的滞后损失成为造成轮胎能量耗散的关键因素,且每一周滞后损失可视为阻碍轮胎滚动的虚拟力。该虚拟力通常被称为滚动阻力,为了发展节能汽车,降低轮胎滚动阻力是当今全球范围内的巨大挑战。轮胎行驶时呈现出非正弦波的复杂三维动态
When a car tire rolls on the road, the strain and stress of its rubber components undergo periodic changes in a dynamic deformation mode, resulting in serious hysteresis losses due to the inherent phase difference between stress and strain time history. The hysteresis loss of a rolling tire becomes a key factor contributing to the energy dissipation of the tire, and the loss per one lag can be regarded as a virtual force that hinder the rolling of the tire. This virtual force is often referred to as rolling resistance and in order to develop energy-efficient vehicles, reducing tire rolling resistance is a tremendous global challenge today. Tires show a complex three-dimensional dynamics of non-sinusoidal waves