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目的了解天津市红桥区育龄妇女免疫规划知识的知晓情况并进行健康教育干预的效果评价。方法随机抽取红桥区20～45岁且在该市居住12个月以上的流动人口育龄妇女302名做2轮免疫规划知识的调查。结果干预前、后分别调查302名育龄妇女,随访率100%。免疫规划知识总知晓率干预后明显高于干预前(P<0.01),主动接受疫苗接种的自愿率干预后高于干预前,尤其是“是否愿意了解孩子疫苗接种的效果”1项干预前后自愿率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。调查对象希望通过医生和专业书籍、手册2种途径获取知识的比例有所上升。结论对天津市红桥区育龄妇女进行多种形式计划免疫相关知识的健康教育,可以提高他们对计划免疫相关知识的知晓率,形成主动接种的观念和行为,干预效果明显。
Objective To understand the awareness of immunization planning among women of childbearing age in Hongqiao District of Tianjin and to evaluate the effect of health education intervention. Methods A total of 302 women of childbearing age from 20 to 45 years old in Hongqiao District who lived in the city for more than 12 months were surveyed for knowledge of 2 immunization programs. Results Before and after intervention, 302 women of childbearing age were investigated with a follow-up rate of 100%. The total awareness rate of immunization planning knowledge was significantly higher after intervention than before intervention (P <0.01), and the voluntary rate of active vaccination was higher after intervention than before intervention, especially “Is it willing to know the effect of child vaccination”? 1 intervention Before and after the voluntary rate difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The respondents hope that the proportion of knowledge gained through the two channels of doctors and professional books and manuals will increase. Conclusion The health education of women of childbearing age in Hongqiao district of Tianjin in various forms of immunization related to immunization can improve their awareness of the immunization-related knowledge and form the concept and behavior of active immunization. The intervention has obvious effect.