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目的统计分析甘肃省某综合医院住院死亡病例,研究住院死亡病例的死因构成及特点。方法收集2012—2016年该院住院死亡病例的病案资料,进行回顾性统计分析。结果 2012—2016年全院总病死率0.45%,男女病死率比为2.10∶1,男性病死率(0.62%)明显高于女性(0.30%),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=90.497,P<0.05);不同年龄组人群病死率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=204.196,P<0.05),75岁及以上组病死率最高;死因顺位前五位分别是循环系统疾病、损伤和中毒、呼吸系统疾病、恶性肿瘤和起源于围生期的疾病,55岁以上根本死因以急性心肌梗死、慢性阻塞性肺病、恶性肿瘤、缺血性心脏病和脑出血为主(51.76%),5岁以下年龄组死因以早产、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征、肺炎、先天性心脏病、肺发育不良为主(45.54%)。结论医院应针对不同疾病、不同年龄人群进行健康教育,指导群众养成良好的生活方式,同时加强医院医疗质量安全管理,提高有效的医疗救治,降低病死率,提高生存质量。
Objective To analyze and analyze the deaths of inpatients in a general hospital in Gansu Province and to study the composition and characteristics of the causes of death in inpatient deaths. Methods The hospitalized cases of death from 2012 to 2016 were collected for retrospective statistical analysis. Results The overall case fatality rate was 0.45% in 2012-2016 with a mortality rate of 2.10:1. The mortality rate of males was significantly higher than that of females (0.62% vs 0.30%, χ ~ 2 = 90.497, P <0.05). The mortality rate in different age groups was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 204.196, P <0.05), and the highest mortality was found in patients 75 and over. The top five causes of death were circulatory diseases, injuries (51.76%) died of acute myocardial infarction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, malignant tumor, ischemic heart disease and cerebral hemorrhage. The main cause of death from over 55 years of age was poisoning, respiratory system diseases, malignant tumors and diseases of perinatal origin. In the age group of 5 years, the cause of death was premature birth, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, congenital heart disease and lung dysplasia (45.54%). Conclusions The hospital should carry out health education for different diseases and different age groups and guide the people to develop a good life style. At the same time, the hospital should strengthen the medical quality and safety management, improve effective medical treatment, reduce the mortality and improve the quality of life.