一、前言水稻是黑龙江省垦区四大生产作物之一，它不仅产量高，而且抗御自然灾害能力强，能确保稳产、高产。加之多年以稻治涝以及低洼易涝地的开发，因此其种植面积逐年增加，目前已达３０多万ｈｍ２。垦区的水稻生产在整地、育种和插秧等环节，规范化和机械化程度均较高，特 I. Introduction Rice is one of the four major crops for crop cultivation in Heilongjiang Province. It not only has high yield but also has strong ability of resisting natural disasters, ensuring stable yield and high yield. Coupled with years of rice waterlogging and low-lying flood-prone land development, so its growing area increased year by year, now has reached more than 300,000 hm2. Reclamation of rice production in the preparation, breeding and transplanting and other aspects of the standardization and mechanization are higher, especially