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为探究大豆不同品种间的亲缘关系对其生长和氮素吸收效率的影响,本研究选用“华夏3号(A)”、“桂早1号(B)”和“中黄24号(C)”3个亲缘关系不同的大豆(Glycine max)品种为实验材料,其中“华夏3号”为本研究的目标大豆品种,“桂早1号”为“华夏3号”的亲本之一,“中黄24号”与“华夏3号”无亲缘关系。设低氮(LN 0.6 mg·L-1)和高氮(HN 60 mg·L-1)2个氮素水平,以砂培盆栽方式培养。每盆种大豆4株,其中2株为华夏3号(A),另外2株为华夏3号(A)或桂早1号(B)或中黄24号(C),共有LN-AA、LNAB、LN-AC、HN-AA、HN-AB和HN-AC 6个处理,每个处理4个重复。结果表明:“华夏3号”与远亲缘大豆“中黄24”共同种植时其植株生物量、总根长、根体积比与近亲缘大豆“桂早1号”共存时显著增加,其中总根长、根体积在低氮处理下分别增加50%和57%,高氮处理下分别增加46%和50%;与远亲缘大豆共存时,“华夏3号”叶片硝酸还原酶活性显著增强,低氮和高氮处理分别增加56%和49%;盛花期大豆的茎叶全氮含量各处理间差异不显著,鼓粒期高氮处理下“华夏3号”与近亲缘大豆“桂早1号”共同种植的处理(HN-AB)的茎叶全氮含量显著高于与远亲缘(HN-AC)共同种植的处理,且低氮处理下也有相同趋势。研究结果表明,大豆可能具有亲缘识别的能力,且不同生育期存在差异。
In order to explore the influence of the genetic relationship among different varieties of soybean on its growth and nitrogen absorption efficiency, this study chose “Huaxia No.3 (A)”, “Guizao No.1 (B)” and “Zhonghuang The results showed that ”Huaxia No.3“ was the target soybean variety of the study, ”Guizao No.1“ was ”No.24 (C)“, and ”Glycine max“ Huaxia 3 ”one of the parents, “ in the yellow 24 ”and “ huaxia 3 ”unrelated. Two nitrogen levels of low nitrogen (LN 0.6 mg · L-1) and high nitrogen (HN 60 mg · L-1) were planted in pots of sand and peat. There were 4 soybean plants per pot, of which 2 were Huaxia 3 (A) and the other 2 were Huaxia 3 (A) or Gui Zao 1 (B) or Zhonghuang 24 (C) LNAB, LN-AC, HN-AA, HN-AB and HN-AC with 4 replicates each. The results showed that the plant biomass, the total root length and root volume ratio of “Huaxia No.3” and the distant relatives Soybean “Zhonghuang 24” coexisted when they were planted with the close relatives of soybean “Guizao No.1” The total root length and root volume increased by 50% and 57% under low nitrogen treatment and increased by 46% and 50% under high nitrogen treatment, respectively. When coexisted with distant relatives, “Huaxia No.3” leaf Nitrate reductase activity was significantly enhanced, low nitrogen and high nitrogen treatments increased by 56% and 49%; full flowering soybean stems and leaves of total nitrogen content of each treatment was not significantly different, “The total nitrogen content in stems and leaves of HN-AB, which was planted with inbred soybean ” Guizao 1 ", was significantly higher than that of HN-AC and was also planted under low nitrogen treatment The same trend. The results show that soybean may have the ability to identify kinship, and there are differences in different growth stages.