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筛选了一种新翼型,基于Wilson理论设计了300W定桨距水平轴风力机,与传统FX 63-137翼型气动性能进行了计算比较。结果发现:同等设计条件下,新翼型的风轮比FX 63-137风轮有效尖速比范围增大2倍,功率系数C P值在0.3以上的区域所对应的尖速比λ从4.7～6.3范围扩大到4～10.5范围,整体的功率系数变化较平缓;最大推力系数C T降低且在高尖速比时一直变化平稳;有效转矩系数C M从4～6.7范围扩大到3～12.3范围。风力机样机在低速风洞进行了实验,验证了该新翼型具有非常好的空气动力性能;在4～14m/s风速范围内,新翼型的风力机与市场上某300W传统翼型的风力机相比较,功率平均提高了30.76%,尤其在4～6m/s风速范围时,功率的相对提高率较大,可更好地利用中低风速。通过计算和实验表明:该新翼型是风力机叶片的理想翼型,该文所选用的计算方法正确、可靠。
A new type of airfoil was selected. Based on the theory of Wilson, a 300W fixed pitch horizontal axis wind turbine was designed and compared with the aerodynamic performance of the conventional FX 63-137 airfoil. The results show that under the same design conditions, the effective airfoil ratio of the new airfoil increases by 2 times than that of the FX 63-137 wind turbine, and the corresponding speed ratio λ in the region where the power factor CP value is above 0.3 ranges from 4.7 ~ 6.3 range expanded to 4 ~ 10.5 range, the overall power coefficient changes more smoothly; maximum thrust coefficient CT decreases and at high speed ratio has been steady changes; effective torque coefficient CM range from 4 to 6.7 expanded to 3 ~ 12.3 range. The prototype of the wind turbine was tested in a low speed wind tunnel and verified that the new airfoil has very good aerodynamic performance. In the wind speed range of 4 ~ 14m / s, the new airfoil wind turbine is similar to a 300W conventional airfoil on the market Compared with wind turbines, the average power increased by 30.76%. Especially in the wind speed range of 4 ~ 6m / s, the relative increase rate of power is larger, and the middle and low wind speed can be better utilized. The calculation and experiment show that the new airfoil is the ideal airfoil for the wind turbine blade. The calculation method used in this paper is correct and reliable.