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目的 探讨水环境中汞、镉、砷、六价铬及铅对蚕豆根尖细胞的诱变作用.方法 通过蚕豆根尖细胞微核试验以汞(0.000 5～1.0mg/L)、镉(0.005～1.0mg/L)、砷(0.05～2.0mg/L)、六价铬(0.05～2.0mg/L)及铅(0.05～3.0mg/L)为诱变剂,测定蚕豆根尖细胞的微核率并计算污染指数.结果 汞(0.000 5～0.1 mg/L)、镉(0.005～0.05 mg/L)、砷(0.05～0.1 mg/L)、六价铬(0.05～0.1 mg/L)及铅(0.05～0.1 mg/L)染毒后微核率高于阴性对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).水中汞浓度≥0.5 mg/L、镉浓度≥0.1 mg/L、砷浓度≥0.5 mg/L、六价铬浓度≥2.0 mg/L时的微核率高于阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),污染指数在1.5～2.4之间.结论 汞、镉、砷、六价铬对蚕豆根尖细胞具有一定的遗传毒性.“,”Objective To evaluate the mutagenicity of mercury, cadmium, arsenic, chromium( VI) and lead in water on Vicia fab a root tip cells. Methods The micronucleus assay of Vicia faba root tip cells were conducted to determine micronucleus rate of Vicia faba root tip cells induced by mercury (0.000 5-1.0 mg/L), cadmium (0.005-1.0 mg/L), arsenic (0.05-2.0 mg/L), chromium (VI) (0.05-2.0 mg/L) and lead (0.05-3.0 mg/L ) ,and pollution indexes were calculated. Results When the concentration of mercury was ≥ 0.5 mg/L, cadmium ≥0.1 mg/L, arsenic ≥ 0.5 mg/L and chromium (VI) ≥ 2.0 mg/L in the water, the micronucleus rate were significantly higher compared with the negative control group, respectively(P<0.05, P<0.01 )and pollution index was 1.5-2.4. Conclusion When the exposure level through water is higher, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, chromium (VI) may present genetic toxicity to Vicia faba root tip cells.