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有关谷胱甘肽酶的结合催化作用最早报导于1961年,随后在1967～1974年间证实并纯化得到了谷胱甘肽转移酶。自1965年以来,有1500余篇文章证实了谷胱甘肽有关的反应对农药的生物活性或环境归趋所起的作用。谷胱甘肽(GSH,γ-谷氨酸-半胱氨酸-甘氨酸)通常认为是在哺乳动物、植物、昆虫、真菌和细菌细胞内存在最丰富的一种非蛋白硫醇,在许多细胞代谢过程中起着重要作用,其中包括抗异生化合物和外来环境压力的防御机制。在细胞内部,谷胱甘肽最主要是以还原形式(GSH)存在,具有通过硫醇阴离子与农药反应生成亲水性的硫醚共轭化合物的潜能。尽管GSH共轭反应可以在生物体系中直接发生,但更通常的是由普遍存在的谷胱甘肽转移酶(GSTs,酶序列EC 2.5.1.18)催化完成。GSTs有多
The glutathione-binding activity was first reported in 1961, followed by the confirmation and purification of glutathione transferase from 1967 to 1974. Since 1965, more than 1,500 articles have demonstrated the role of glutathione-related responses on the biological activity or environmental profile of pesticides. Glutathione (GSH, gamma-glutamic acid-cysteine-glycine) is generally considered to be the most abundant non-protein thiol present in mammalian, plant, insect, fungal and bacterial cells and is found in many cells Metabolic processes play an important role, including the defense mechanisms of anti-xenogenic compounds and stress on the environment. Inside the cell, glutathione is present predominantly in reduced form (GSH) and has the potential to form a hydrophilic thioether conjugate by reacting a thiol anion with a pesticide. Although the GSH conjugation reaction can occur directly in the biological system, it is more commonly catalyzed by the ubiquitous glutathione transferase (GSTs, enzyme sequence EC 2.5.1.18). How much is GSTs?