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为揭示古茶园土壤肥力特征及其对土壤微生物的影响.以森林土壤为对照,对云南景迈山、布朗山和南糯山古茶园和现代茶园土壤表层(0~20cm)的pH值,阳离子交换量(CEC),有机质(SOM)与氮磷钾养分分析和土壤微生物类群培养进行了研究.结果表明:茶园土壤pH值在4.30~4.75之间,南糯山茶园和景迈山现代茶园的土壤pH值显著高于森林土壤,布朗山古茶园的土壤pH值也显著高于现代茶园,并且各茶园土壤的CEC均显著低于森林土壤;3座茶山古茶园土壤SOM,全氮(TN),全磷(TP),碱解氮和速效磷质量分数显著高于现代茶园;茶树种植年限对茶园土壤pH值,CEC和各养分质量分数没有一致性影响规律;茶园土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量普遍高于森林土壤,并且微生物的总数量:现代茶园高于古茶园,但各微生物数量与茶园土壤养分质量分数之间相关性无统计学意义.植茶和植茶年龄的增加并未加剧茶园土壤酸化,茶园土壤酸化可能与土壤钾素营养水平关系密切;与现代茶园相比,古茶园良好的小气候环境、低强度生产模式和较小干扰栽培管理是古茶园土壤肥力持续利用和微生物群落多样性的基础,将为现代茶园土壤管理和调控提供理论依据.
In order to reveal the characteristics of soil fertility in ancient tea gardens and their effects on soil microbes, the pH value, surface area (0 ~ 20cm) of ancient tea gardens and modern tea gardens in Jingmei Mountain, (CEC), organic matter (SOM), N, P and K nutrition and soil microbial population were studied.The results showed that the soil pH value of tea plantation ranged from 4.30 to 4.75, and that of Nannuo Mountain Tea Plantation and Jingmei Mountain Modern Tea Plantation Soil pH value was significantly higher than that of forest soils. The pH value of Brown tea in ancient tea plantation was also significantly higher than that in modern tea plantation, and the CECs of all the tea plantation soils were significantly lower than that of forest soils. Soil SOM, total nitrogen (TN) , Total phosphorus (TP), available nitrogen and available phosphorus were significantly higher than those in the modern tea plantation; tea plantation age had no consistent effect on the pH, CEC and nutrient contents in the tea plantation; The number of bacteria is generally higher than that of forest soil, and the total number of microorganisms: the modern tea garden is higher than the ancient tea garden, but the correlation between the quantity of each microorganism and the soil nutrient content of tea plantation is not statistically significant. Not added Acidification of tea plantation soil and acidification of tea plantation soil may be closely related to soil potassium nutrient level. Compared with modern tea plantations, good microclimate environment, low-intensity production mode and less disturbance cultivation and management of ancient tea plantations are the reasons for the sustainable utilization of soil fertility and microbial community The basis of diversity will provide the theoretical basis for the modern tea garden soil management and regulation.