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压力容器接管部位的主要特征为:1.几何不连续,造成应力集中,存在高的峰值应变。又由于受周围广大弹性区的约束,存在显著的应变梯度区;2.由于焊接条件差,容易产生微裂纹等焊接缺陷。针对上述情况,设计了一种模拟试板——带孔异形板拉伸试样。用它测定了16MnR钢在高应变梯度条件下的断裂韧性COD,并与标准试验方法得到的COD值作了比较,认为在容器缺陷评定中,用标准试样值是可以的。并且考虑到容器接管多为焊接结构,对焊接接头的断裂韧性变化进行了研究,给出了16MnR、15MnVR等常用容器钢焊接接头部位的COD值。
Pressure vessels take over the main features of the site: 1. Geometric discontinuities, resulting in stress concentration, there is a high peak strain. And due to the surrounding elastic zone constraints, there is a significant strain gradient zone; 2 due to poor welding conditions, prone to micro-cracks and other welding defects. In view of the above situation, we designed a kind of simulated test plate - the tensile specimen with perforated plate. The fracture toughness (COD) of 16MnR steel under high strain gradient was measured and compared with the COD value obtained from the standard test method. It is considered that it is possible to use the standard sample value in the assessment of container defects. Taking into account the fact that the vessel takes over most of the welded structures, the fracture toughness changes of the welded joint are studied. The COD values of welded joints of the common container steel such as 16MnR and 15MnVR are given.