随着经济发展及生活水平的提高，各种儿童慢性病毒性肝病逐年减少，遗传、环境及生活习惯相关的儿童肝病逐年增多。虽然儿童肝病相对少见且并不是儿童死亡的主要病因，但慢性肝病对儿童生长发育、心理健康、生活质量以及对家庭或社会的经济负担不容忽视。因此需要更加重视儿童肝病，对儿童肝病早期筛查及早期诊治，延缓或阻断肝病进展。“,”With the economic development and living standards improvement, various chronic viral liver diseases in children is decreasing year by year, and the liver diseases related to heredity, environment and living habits is increasing. Although liver disease in children is relatively rare and is not the main cause of childhood mortality, chronic liver disease cannot be ignored for its effect on children's growth and development, mental health, quality of life and the economic burden to family or society. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the early screening, diagnosis and treatment of pediatric liver diseases, in order to delay or prevent its progression efficiently.