苦瓜(Momordica chartia L),系葫芦科苦瓜属植物苦瓜的果实,又名锦荔枝、癞葡萄、凉瓜、癞瓜等,具有消暑涤热、明目解毒之功效。目前从苦瓜果实中分离纯化出多种活性成分,有苦瓜素甙F_1、苦瓜素甙I、苦瓜素甙G、胡萝卜甾醇、5-羟色胺及多种氨基酸,如谷氨酸、丙氨酸,β-丙氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、α-氨基丁酸、瓜氨酸、半乳糖醛酸、果胶等。国内外研究资料表明苦瓜有降血糖、抗生育、抗突变、抗菌、免疫调节等作用。其中某些蛋白成分还有抗艾滋病(AIDS)的生物活性,是一个值得研究的开发利用药物。现对其近年来药理研究综合概述 Momordica chartia L is a fruit of balsam pear belonging to the genus Bitter gourd of the cucurbitaceae family. It is also known as koi twigs, alfalfa grapes, melons, melon melons, etc. It has the effect of heat-removing and heat-removing, and detoxification of eyesight. At present, a variety of active ingredients are isolated and purified from bitter gourd fruit, including momordicin F_1, momordicin I, momordicin G, carotinol, serotonin and various amino acids such as glutamic acid, alanine, β - Alanine, phenylalanine, valine, α-aminobutyric acid, citrulline, galacturonic acid, pectin, and the like. Research data at home and abroad show that bitter gourd has the effects of lowering blood sugar, anti-fertility, anti-mutagenicity, anti-bacterial and immune regulation. Some of these protein components also have anti-AIDS (AIDS) biological activity and are worthy of research and development. A comprehensive overview of its pharmacological research in recent years