Objective:Kanchnar guggulu is a compound Ayurvedic formulation used in clinical practice for the treatment of benign and malignant tumors.The present study investigates its cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities.Methods:The hydro-alcoholic (50％) extract of kanchnar guggulu was prepared.Its antimitotic activity was assessed in an Allium cepa assay,while its antiproliferative effects were studied in a yeast proliferation model.Methotrexate was used as a standard anticancer agent.Results:In the Allium assay,all concentrations of the extract (1,2 and 3 mg/mL) and methotrexate (0.02 mg/mL) significantly inhibited the division ofA.cepa root cells,decreasing root growth and mitotic index compared to control;this effect was concentration-dependent for kanchnar guggulu extract.In the antiproliferative studies,treatment with the hydro-alcoholic extract of kanchnar guggulu (1,5 and 10 mg/mL) and methotrexate (0.025,0.05 and 0.1 mg/mL) resulted in marked reduction of dividing Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells and inhibition of cell viability compared to control.The cytotoxicity of the hydro-alcoholic extract of kanchnar guggulu,shown by its antimitotic and antiproliferative effects,may be due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolics.Conclusion:Kanchnar guggulu exhibited a cytotoxic effect by inhibiting cell division (antimitotic) and reducing cell proliferation,These results substantiate its potential for the treatment of cancer and support its traditional use in the treatment of cancer.