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2008年发生金融海啸,环球经济陷入衰退。虽然美国才是海啸的源头,但欧洲的情况比美国更坏。在各国政府团结一致拯救经济下,不少国家的情况回稳,有些更出现不俗的增长。当市场渐趋乐观之际,国际评级机构惠誉于去年12月调低希腊信贷评级,由A-下降至BBB+,另一间评级机构标准普尔亦降低西班牙前景展望至负面。这一继去年初评级机构下调西班牙、葡萄牙、爱尔兰等的信贷评级另一次较大的行动,令市场不得不再审视欧洲的债务问题。
The financial tsunami in 2008, the global economy into a recession. Although the United States is the source of the tsunami, the situation in Europe is even worse than in the United States. With the governments of all countries united to rescue the economy, the situation in many countries stabilized and some even experienced notable growth. As markets became more optimistic, Fitch, the international rating agency, lowered Greece’s credit rating in December from A- to BBB +. Another rating agency, Standard & Poor’s, lowered its outlook for Spain to negative. This follow-up to the credit rating downgrades of Spain, Portugal and Ireland earlier this year by another rating agency made another big move that forced the market to look at Europe’s debt problems again.