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肝X受体属于核受体家族成员,通过与视黄醇类X受体结合形成异二聚体,刺激靶基因的表达。其内生性配体为氧化甾醇和胆固醇生物合成途径的中间产物。肝X受体作为胆固醇和脂肪酸代谢的调节者,在脂质代谢中起关键的调控作用。研究发现,肝X受体信号通路在动脉粥样硬化发展中起重要作用。在小鼠模型中,合成的肝X受体激动剂可抑制动脉粥样硬化的发展,其效应可能是源于对相关代谢和炎症基因表达的调控。这使肝X受体成为研究治疗动脉粥样硬化理想的靶基因。
Liver X receptors, members of the nuclear receptor family, stimulate the expression of target genes by binding to retinoid X receptors to form heterodimers. Its endogenous ligand is an intermediate of the oxidized sterol and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways. Liver X receptors, as regulators of cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism, play key regulatory roles in lipid metabolism. The study found that liver X receptor signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. In the mouse model, synthetic liver X receptor agonists inhibit the development of atherosclerosis, the effect may be derived from the regulation of related metabolic and inflammatory gene expression. This makes the liver X receptor into the study of atherosclerosis ideal target gene.