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本文综合了机车轴重转移分析计算的研究结果,提出了轴重转移极限值(最小值)的概念,认为对各类机车此极限值均为FH/L,在一般参数条件下,粘重利用率η_(max)≈95％上下。除个别型式的机车因结构参数限制,无法达到此最佳值外,大部分机车都有可能实现或接近此最小轴重转移量。为评价机车轴重转移的优劣,提供了理论数值。并由此得出了各类机车达到此极限值的计算公式,供设计计算时参考。作为举例,文中应用DJS—6计算机对东风4(及设计的东风6)机车的轴重转移进行了多方案计算比较,获得了最佳值h=300毫米(230毫米)的结果,同时利用理论计算公式进行手算,结果完全吻合,后者可能更为简捷。最后,还分析了斜牵引拉杆的作用及牵引电动机全悬挂时轴重转移的极限值,后者仍为FH/L。
In this paper, the research results of axle load transfer analysis and calculation are put forward, and the concept of axle weight transfer limit (minimum value) is proposed. The limit value of all kinds of locomotives is FH / L. Under the condition of general parameters, Rate η_ (max) ≈ 95% up and down. Most locomotives are likely to achieve or come close to this minimum axle weight transfer except for individual types of locomotives that can not achieve this optimal value due to structural constraints. In order to evaluate the merits and demerits of locomotive axle load transfer, the theoretical value is provided. From this, it concludes that all kinds of locomotives reach the formula of this limit for reference in design and calculation. As an example, a DJS-6 computer is used to compare and analyze the axial weight transfer of DF4 (and designed DF6) locomotives. The optimal value of h = 300 mm (230 mm) is obtained. Meanwhile, Calculation formula for hand calculations, the results are completely consistent, the latter may be more simple. Finally, the role of the diagonal traction rod and the limit value of shaft weight transfer when the traction motor is fully suspended are analyzed, the latter still being FH / L.