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蚯蚓种类组成和丰度变化是反映农业管理措施对土壤质量影响的重要指标。为研究利用芥末悬液等方法进行蚯蚓样品采集的有效性和准确性,寻求合理有效的蚯蚓种群特征调查方法,在我国东北玉米连作黑土上分别运用手拣法、福尔马林溶液驱赶法、芥末+水悬液及芥末+乙酸悬液驱赶法,以及驱虫剂与手拣法相结合的方法进行蚯蚓样品采集,将上述7种方法测得的蚯蚓丰度、生物量及年龄组成信息进行了系统分析。结果表明,福尔马林溶液驱赶法不结合手拣法使用时测得的蚯蚓丰度及生物量远远低于其他方法,尤其幼年蚯蚓比例偏低,并不能反映真实的蚯蚓种群特征。使用芥末悬液做驱虫剂有效性明显提高,尤其芥末+乙酸悬液,测得的蚯蚓丰度比手拣法高22.3%。福尔马林溶液结合手拣法后有效性大大提高,测得的蚯蚓丰度和生物量分别是其单独使用时的19.1和9.3倍,但相对其他驱虫剂方法仍高估了成年蚯蚓的比例;芥末+水悬液和芥末+乙酸悬液方法结合手拣法后收集到蚯蚓的数量分别提高了67.8%和89.1%,平均个体重量分别是原来的1.8和1.3倍,说明芥末悬液不会杀死小个体的幼年蚯蚓,但少部分大个体蚯蚓及洞穴不与地表相接的蚯蚓可能并不能被其驱赶至地表,结合手拣法后可以弥补这个缺陷。芥末+乙酸悬液结合手拣法收集到的成年及幼年蚯蚓数量和生物量均显著高于其他方法(P<0.05),既能有效地驱赶小个体和幼年蚯蚓,又可以收集到洞穴不与地表相接的土栖型蚯蚓,因此可以作为真实有效地反映蚯蚓种群特征的采样方法之一。
The change of composition and abundance of earthworm is an important index to reflect the impact of agricultural management measures on soil quality. In order to study the validity and accuracy of the collection of earthworm samples by means of wasabi suspension and so on and to find a reasonable and effective earthworm population characteristics survey method, hand picking method, formalin solution driving method, Mustard + aqueous suspension and wasabi + acetic acid suspension drive method, as well as the combination of insect repellent and hand picking earthworm sample collection, the earthworm measured by the above seven methods of abundance, biomass and age composition information System analysis. The results showed that the earthworm abundance and biomass measured by formalin solution driving method without hand picking method were much lower than other methods. Especially, the proportion of earthworm in juvenile was low, which did not reflect the real earthworm population characteristics. The use of mustard suspensions to improve the effectiveness of insect repellent, especially mustard + acetic acid suspension, the measured earthworm abundance 22.3% higher than the hand picking method. Formalin solution combined with hand picking method greatly increased the effectiveness of the measured earthworm abundance and biomass were 19.1 and 9.3 times when used alone, but relative to other insect repellent method is still overestimated the adult earthworm Proportion; the amount of earthworms collected by the combination of mustard + water suspension and mustard + acetic acid suspension method increased by 67.8% and 89.1% respectively, and the average individual weights were 1.8 and 1.3 times respectively, indicating that the mustard suspension Will kill young individuals of small earthworms, but few large earthworms and caves earthworms not connected with the surface may not be driven to the surface of the earth, combined with hand picking method can make up for this defect. The quantity and biomass of earthworms in juvenile and juvenile were collected by mustard + acetic acid suspension combined with hand picking method, which were significantly higher than those of other methods (P <0.05). It not only effectively eradicated small and young earthworms, but also collected caves Therefore, it can be used as a sampling method that reflects the characteristics of earthworm effectively and effectively.