从2007年8月次级债危机爆发开始,美国及其他一些工业化国家的金融市场就一直处于相当紧张的状态。这种混乱状态已经影响了经济整体的前景。美联储已经采取了一些行动来帮助市场恢复到更为有序的运作上来,并促进其宏观经济目标的实现,如最大程度的可持续性就业、 Since the outbreak of the subprime crisis in August 2007, the financial markets of the United States and other industrialized countries have been in a state of considerable tension. This turmoil has affected the overall economic outlook. The Federal Reserve has taken some steps to help the market resume its more orderly operations and to promote its macroeconomic goals such as maximum sustainable employment,