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目的探讨某汽车厂接触低浓度未超标苯系物的涂装作业人员健康状况及相关因素。方法对涂装车间和总装车间在岗员工4 564人按照GBZ188-2007《职业健康监护技术规范》中的职业健康体检项目进行体检,接触苯系物的1 724人为涂装组,非接触苯系物的2 840人为对照组。对两组体检结果进行统计分析。结果 (1)体检异常结果检出较高的项目依次为超重(45.5%)、肝脏超声异常(40.4%)、高血脂(40.4%)、高血压(26.0%)、肝功能异常(25.9%)等;(2)超重、高血脂、肝脏超声异常、高血压、高血糖、心电图异常胆囊超声异常等检出率在不同年龄组、不同工龄组间差异有统计学意义,异常检出率随年龄和工龄的增加而增高(P<0.05或P<0.01);(3)涂装组血常规异常、高血糖、白细胞降低检出率明显高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);(4)超重组血脂、肝脏超声、血压、肝功能、血常规、血糖的异常检出率高于非超重组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论长期接触低浓度苯系物的汽车厂涂装组人群血常规异常、白细胞降低和高血糖的检出率较高;工作环境、年龄、工龄、超重是影响工作人员健康的相关因素。
Objective To investigate the health condition and related factors of coating workers exposed to low concentrations of benzene in the automobile plant. Methods A total of 4 564 on-the-job employees in the painting shop and assembly shop were inspected according to the occupational health check-up items in GBZ188-2007 Occupational Health Monitoring Technical Specifications. Among them, 1724 exposed to benzene series were painting group, non-contact benzene series Of the 2 840 for the control group. The two groups of physical examination results for statistical analysis. Results (1) The items with higher abnormal results were overweight (45.5%), abnormal liver ultrasound (40.4%), hyperlipidemia (40.4%), hypertension (26.0%), abnormal liver function (25.9% (2) The detection rates of overweight, hyperlipidemia, abnormal liver ultrasound, hypertension, hyperglycemia and abnormal electrocardiogram in gallbladder were different in different age groups and different age groups. The detection rate of abnormalities varied with age (P <0.05 or P <0.01); (3) The detection rate of blood abnormalities, hyperglycemia and leukopenia in the coating group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05 or P <0.01); ( 4) The detection rate of abnormal blood lipids, liver ultrasound, blood pressure, liver function, blood routine and blood sugar were higher in overweight group than those in non-overweight group (P <0.05 or P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term exposure to low concentrations of benzene series substances in the automaker coating group was associated with abnormal blood tests, leukopenia and high blood sugar detection rates. Work environment, age, length of service, and overweight were the factors that affected the health of workers.