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利用核型分析和基因组原位杂交技术(GISH)对沙田柚宜昌橙异源二倍体和异源四倍体材料的遗传组成进行了初步分析。比较11份材料的染色体类型、随体数与位置、臂比、染色体相对长度等,在核型变化,随体有无、数量和位置方面显示出多样性;与亲本相比,异源四倍体与二倍体未显示明显的染色体结构变异,但核型不同显示在杂交和多倍体形成过程中存在染色体重组和一些微染色体结构上的变异。GISH分析表明,异源四倍体(CSY)和二倍体(SY)确实为沙田柚与宜昌橙杂种,端部具较强信号的染色体为体细胞半数的染色体数,表明这些染色体可能是来源于探针亲本的染色体,基本明确CSY和SY的染色体来源。沙田柚与宜昌橙杂交获得的不同倍性材料的核型与GISH分析为柑橘遗传育种研究提供了细胞遗传学资料,同时GISH技术在柑橘中的应用在今后开展柑橘基因组遗传分析中可起到一定参考作用。
The genetic composition of alloplasmic diploid and allotetraploid materials of Yichang orange in Shatian pomelo was analyzed by karyotype analysis and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Comparing 11 types of chromosomes, showing diversity with karyotype change, presence or absence of body, quantity and location with size and location, arm ratio, relative length of chromosome, etc; Body and diploid did not show obvious structural changes in chromosomes, but different karyotypes showed chromosomal recombination and some microscopic structural variations during hybridization and polyploidization. GISH analysis showed that allotetraploid (CSY) and diploid (SY) were indeed Plum in Pomegranate and Yichang orange hybrids, and chromosomes with strong signals at the ends were chromosomes of half the number of somatic cells, indicating that these chromosomes may be the source Chromosomes in the probe parents, the basic clear clear CSY and SY chromosome sources. Karyotype and GISH Analysis of Different Ploidy Materials Obtained by Hybridization of Soybean Pomelo and Yichang Orange Provide Cytogenetic Information for Citrus Genetic Breeding and the Application of GISH Technology in Citrus Can Play a Certain Role in Genetic Analysis of Citrus Reference effect.