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目的分析目前哈尔滨市主要艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染人群的生存质量状况及其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查的方法,于2014年10月~2015年1月期间,随机抽取哈尔滨市500例HIV感染者,通过艾滋病患者生存质量调查量表(WHOQOL-HIV-BREF)对其进行问卷调查。采用描述性分析及多元线性回归等方法对调查结果进行分析。结果哈尔滨市主要HIV感染人群的生存质量得分普遍较低,在生理领域、心理领域、独立领域、社会关系领域,总体生存质量得分低于全国常模,而环境领域、精神/宗教信仰得分高于全国常模。分层描述性统计显示,男男性行为,年龄<30岁,城市户籍,受教育程度高,有固定收入,规律抗病毒治疗及CD4数值较高者,生存质量得分较高。多元线性回归显示,年龄、家庭收入、婚姻状况、文化程度及社会支持等因素是HIV/AIDS患者较低生存质量的显著影响因素(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论哈尔滨市主要HIV感染人群的生存质量总体较差,社会及家庭支持等因素在不同方面影响着艾滋病患者的生存质量。
Objective To analyze the quality of life and its influencing factors in the major HIV-infected population in Harbin. Methods A total of 500 HIV-infected persons in Harbin were randomly selected from October 2014 to January 2015 by means of cross-sectional survey. Questionnaires were conducted by WHOQOL-HIV-BREF . Descriptive analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis of the survey results. Results The quality of life of major HIV-infected population in Harbin was generally low. In the fields of physiology, psychology, independence and social relations, the overall quality of life score was lower than that of the national norms. In the environmental field, the scores of mental / religious beliefs were higher than National model. Stratified descriptive statistics showed that MSM, age <30, urban household registration, high level of education, fixed income, regular antiviral therapy and higher CD4 values, had higher quality of life scores. Multivariate linear regression showed that age, family income, marital status, education level and social support were the significant influencing factors of lower quality of life (P <0.05) in HIV / AIDS patients, with statistical significance. Conclusions The quality of life of major HIV-infected population in Harbin is generally poor. Factors such as social and family support affect the quality of life of AIDS patients in different aspects.