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目的分析阿瑞匹坦联合格拉司琼及地塞米松预防高致吐性化疗药物所致相关性恶心、呕吐的疗效及耐受。方法 60例高致吐性化疗药物治疗患者,随机分为观察组及对照组,每组30例。对照组患者均在化疗前30 min及化疗后4 h静脉注射氯化钠注射液盐酸格拉司琼注射液;化疗前30 min静脉注射氯化钠注射液地塞米松。观察组患者在对照组基础上联合阿瑞匹坦止吐。比较两组患者恶心、呕吐发生情况及不良反应发生率。结果两组急性恶心、呕吐发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组延迟性恶心、呕吐发生率显著优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组恶心、呕吐控制率显著优于对照组(P<0.05);两组药物的不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论阿瑞匹坦与5-羟色胺受体阻滞剂及糖皮质激素联合用治疗高致吐性化疗药物引起的严重消化道反应,可以改善化疗诱发的恶心、呕吐的发生率,并且具有很好的耐受性,具有临床推广价值。
Objective To analyze the efficacy and tolerability of aprepitant combined with granisetron and dexamethasone in preventing nausea and vomiting associated with high emetogenic chemotherapy drugs. Methods Sixty patients with high emetogenic chemotherapy were randomly divided into observation group and control group, 30 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received intravenous sodium chloride injection of granisetron hydrochloride 30 min before chemotherapy and 4 h after chemotherapy, and sodium chloride injection dexamethasone 30 min before chemotherapy. Patients in the observation group were treated with aprepitant antiemetic on the basis of the control group. The incidence of nausea and vomiting and the incidence of adverse reactions in both groups were compared. Results There was no significant difference in incidence of nausea and vomiting between the two groups (P> 0.05). The incidence of nausea and vomiting in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group (P <0.05). The rate of nausea and vomiting in the observation group was significantly superior In the control group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusions Aprepitant combined with serotonin receptor blockers and glucocorticoids in the treatment of severe digestive tract reactions induced by high emetogenic chemotherapy drugs can improve the incidence of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting and has good Tolerance, with clinical promotion value.