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目的:探讨急性肾功能衰竭(ARF)的发病情况、病因及死亡原因,为临床治疗ARF提供依据。方法:对200例ARF患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,分析ARF的性别与年龄分布、老年(≥60岁)ARF患者的发病情况、ARF的病因和死亡原因构成。结果:ARF的患病率有逐年升高的趋势,性别构成相对稳定,老年患者的比例有逐年增加的趋势。肾前性、肾性、肾后性ARF分别占52.0%、36.0%、12.0%。200例ARF中死亡52例,总病死率为26.0%,其中肾前性因素所致ARF病死率占36.5%,明显高于肾性、肾后性因素所致ARF(P<0.01)。结论:ARF患病率逐年上升,发病年龄呈高龄化趋势。引起ARF的病因以肾前性因素为主,肾前性ARF病死率最高。积极治疗原发病的同时,若明确ARF病因和死亡原因,早期充分血液净化、对症支持治疗可改善ARF预后,降低病死率。
Objective: To investigate the incidence of acute renal failure (ARF), its etiology and cause of death, providing evidence for the clinical treatment of ARF. Methods: The clinical data of 200 patients with ARF were retrospectively analyzed. The gender and age distribution of ARF, the incidence of ARF in the elderly (≥60 years old), the cause of ARF and the causes of death were analyzed. Results: The prevalence of ARF increased year by year with a relatively stable sex composition. The proportion of elderly patients tended to increase year by year. Prerenal, renal, and renal ARF accounted for 52.0%, 36.0% and 12.0%, respectively. Among the 200 patients with ARF, 52 patients died and the total case fatality rate was 26.0%. The ARF mortality rate caused by prerenal factor accounted for 36.5%, which was significantly higher than that of renal and ARF (P <0.01). Conclusion: The prevalence of ARF increased year by year, and the age of onset was aging. The cause of ARF prerenal factors, prerenal ARF highest mortality. Active treatment of primary disease at the same time, if a clear ARF cause and cause of death, early full blood purification, symptomatic and supportive care can improve ARF prognosis and reduce mortality.