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目的 本文欲通过对我院1976年至1994年收治的496例结肠癌临床病理学特征及治疗效果进行分析,总结其临床病理学特征,探讨提高生存率的治疗经验。方法 以回顾性分析临床资料,以常规病理学方法观察结肠癌的病理学特征,以常规统计学方法进行统计分析。结果 (1)结肠癌男性多发,40岁以上发病风险高。(2)好发部位为升结肠和乙状结肠。(3)右半结肠以腹块,贫血起病,左半结肠以腹痛血便起病。(4)大体类型以浸润溃疡型及浸润型为主,绝大多数侵出浆膜层。(5)淋巴结转移率48.38％、n_1 42％、n_2 14％、n_3 8％、n_4 10％。(6)远处转移率占25.80％,肝转移占10.18％。(7)扩大根治术5年生存率(69.35％)明显高于根治术的5年生存率(52.89％),P<0.05。结论 欲提高结肠癌生存率,除做到早期发现,早期治疗外,结肠癌适合行扩大根治术或R_(x+1)式手术及联合脏器切除术,以求根治,提高生存率。
Objective To analyze the clinical pathological features and therapeutic effects of 496 cases of colon cancer treated in our hospital from 1976 to 1994, summarize the clinical pathological features, and explore the treatment experience to improve the survival rate. Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. The pathological features of colon cancer were observed by routine pathology and statistical analysis was performed using routine statistical methods. Results (1) There were multiple colon cancers in men, and there was a high risk of the onset of symptoms in patients over the age of 40. (2) The sites of predilection were ascending colon and sigmoid colon. (3) In the right colon, the anemia begins, and the onset of anemia begins. (4) The main types are mainly infiltrating ulcer type and infiltrating type, most of which invade the serosal layer. (5) The lymph node metastasis rate was 48.38%, n_1 42%, n_2 14%, n_3 8%, n_4 10%. (6) The distant metastasis rate accounted for 25.80%, and liver metastasis accounted for 10.18%. (7) The 5-year survival rate (69.35%) of radical mastectomy was significantly higher than that of radical mastectomy (52.89%), P<0.05. Conclusion In order to improve the survival rate of colon cancer, in addition to early detection and early treatment, colon cancer is suitable for extended radical surgery or R_(x+1) surgery and combined visceral resection to seek radical treatment and improve survival.