目的探讨先天性食管闭锁的临床特点及治疗。方法回顾性分析食管闭锁患儿18例临床资料,其中5例放弃手术治疗,余13例均行手术治疗。结果 13例行一期食管气管瘘结扎+食管闭锁切除端端吻合手术治疗的患者中,存活11例,4例发生吻合口狭窄,给予球囊扩张治愈;2例发生吻合口瘘,1例保守治愈,1例再次手术治愈;1例再发气管食管瘘再次手术治愈。死亡2例,分别于术后第3天和第6天死于呼吸衰竭、吻合口瘘及心衰。结论早期诊断、并发症的预防和积极处理是提高食管闭锁手术治疗效果的关键。 Objective To investigate the clinical features and treatment of congenital esophageal atresia. Methods The clinical data of 18 patients with esophageal atresia were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 5 gave up surgery and 13 received surgical treatment. Results Thirteen patients undergoing esophagogastric fistula ligation + esophageal atlantoassibular resection of end-to-end anastomosis surgery survived in 11 patients, 4 patients developed anastomotic stenosis, which was cured by balloon dilation; 2 patients developed anastomotic fistula and 1 patient was conservative One case was cured by another operation. One case of recurrent tracheal esophageal fistula was cured again. Two patients died of respiratory failure, anastomotic leakage and heart failure on the 3rd and 6th postoperative day respectively. Conclusion Early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of complications are the key to improve the efficacy of esophageal atresia.