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以耦合颤振为研究对象,通过理论分析和实验测量,研究了超声振动切削(UVC)方法对其影响及机理。超声振动切削可以通过控制系统能量摄入抑制耦合颤振。一方面,确定系统发生耦合颤振具有临界能量阀值,系统摄入能量为瞬时切削功率在净切削时间内的积分;建立的临界切削深度模型,表明超声振动切削可以增大临界切深,这表示系统具有更大的切削功率阀值,其原因是超声振动切削方法净切削时间减少,从而在一定切削时间内维持系统能量摄入总量不变,保证切削系统的稳定。另一方面,在相同条件下,超声振动切削可以有效降低平均切削力,减少系统摄入的能量,从而减弱耦合颤振的振动幅度,对其进行抑制。使用自行研制的弱刚度镗杆进行了对比实验,实验结果表明:超声振动切削可以增大临界切削深度且临界切深与占空比成反比;在相同条件下减小了系统振动幅度,获得了更好的加工质量。
Coupling flutter is taken as the research object. The influence and mechanism of ultrasonic vibration cutting (UVC) method are studied through theoretical analysis and experimental measurement. Ultrasonic vibration cutting can inhibit coupling flutter by controlling system energy intake. On the one hand, it is determined that the coupling flutter occurs in the system has a critical energy threshold, and the system intake energy is the integral of the instantaneous cutting power in the net cutting time. The established critical depth of cut model shows that the ultrasonic vibration cutting can increase the critical depth of cut The reason is that the system has a larger cutting power threshold, because the ultrasonic vibration cutting method to reduce the net cutting time, so as to maintain the total system energy intake within a certain cutting time constant, to ensure the stability of the cutting system. On the other hand, under the same conditions, ultrasonic vibration cutting can effectively reduce the average cutting force and reduce the energy absorbed by the system, so as to weaken the vibration amplitude of the coupling flutter and suppress it. The experimental results show that ultrasonic vibration cutting can increase the critical depth of cut and the critical depth of cut is inversely proportional to the duty ratio. Under the same conditions, the vibration amplitude of the system is reduced, Better processing quality.