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屋面防水的构造可分为坡屋面与平屋面两大类。平屋面的结构层采用钢筋混凝土为主体材料,与坡屋面相比,具有节约木材、空间高度低、耐火等级高、维修方便等优点,在工业或民用建筑中得到广泛应用。但屋面防水工程的设计和施工质量优劣,直接影响建筑物的使用功能和寿命。平屋面一般由结构层、找平层、保温层、防水层、保护层(或隔热层)等组成,设有保温层的平屋面还需设置蒸汽隔绝层。平屋面具有承重、防水、保温和隔热等四大功能。这些构造层次都是围绕着防水层设置的,而防水层又覆盖或保护着其它构造层次。在平屋面中,满足防水功能是主要的。在研究屋面功能时,可把屋面各构造层
The waterproof structure of the roof can be divided into two categories: slope roof and flat roof. The structural layer of the flat roof is made of reinforced concrete as its main material. Compared with the sloping roof, it has the advantages of wood saving, low space height, high fire resistance grade, and easy maintenance, and is widely used in industrial or civil buildings. However, the quality of the design and construction quality of the roof waterproofing project directly affects the function and life span of the building. The flat roof is generally composed of a structural layer, a screeding layer, an insulating layer, a waterproof layer, a protective layer (or a heat insulating layer), and a steam insulation layer is also required for the flat roof surface provided with the insulating layer. The flat roof has four functions: load-bearing, waterproof, heat preservation and heat insulation. These structural layers are all set around the waterproof layer, and the waterproof layer covers or protects other structural layers. In the flat roof, it is essential to satisfy the waterproof function. When studying the function of the roof, the various structural layers of the roof can be