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目的了解北京市居民对于人感染H7N9禽流感的知识、认知和行为的现况,为开展传染病健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段抽样方法选取北京市常住居民中的成年人作为调查对象。使用自行设计的问卷进行调查,收集相关信息。结果 7 327名调查对象完成问卷调查,其中6 637名调查对象回答“听说过H7N9禽流感”。在知识方面,88.6%的调查对象能够知道该病通过禽类传播给人类,但也有81.1%的调查对象错误认为人和人之间的密切接触也能传播该病;大部分调查对象能将该病与活禽市场暴露和从事活禽饲养或加工销售正确地联系在一起,但20.9%~34.7%的调查对象认为去商场等公共场所、去医院、乘坐公共交通工具与该病相关。大部分调查对象同意“H7N9禽流感是一种严重的疾病”、“政府能够成功处理好此次疫情”、“媒体相关信息是清晰的”。对于行为方面,72.3%的调查对象选择避免去疫情地旅游,55.1%的调查对象增加戴口罩的频率,54.7%的调查对象避免去人群拥挤场所、49.8%的调查对象避免吃禽和蛋、33.1%的调查对象避免乘坐公共交通。结论北京市公众对人感染H7N9禽流感的知识存在一定认识偏差,并且采纳一些不推荐的行为,因此应加强相关知识健康教育,培养其良好的生活习惯,提高其传染病防控技能。
Objective To understand the status quo of knowledge, cognition and behavior of Beijing residents for H7N9 avian influenza infection and to provide a scientific basis for health education on infectious diseases. Methods The multi-stage sampling method was used to select adults among Beijing residents as subjects. Use self-designed questionnaires to investigate and collect relevant information. RESULTS: A total of 7 327 respondents completed the questionnaire, in which 6 637 respondents answered “I have heard of H7N9 bird flu.” In terms of knowledge, 88.6% of the respondents were able to know that the disease was transmitted to humans through birds. However, 81.1% of the respondents mistook that close human-to-human contact could spread the disease; most of the respondents were able to treat the disease Exposed to the live poultry market and engaged in live poultry farming or processing sales correctly linked, but 20.9% ~ 34.7% of the respondents think to go to the mall and other public places, go to the hospital, take public transport related to the disease. Most of the respondents agreed that “H7N9 bird flu is a serious disease”, “the government can successfully handle the epidemic”, and “media-related information is clear.” For behavior, 72.3% of the respondents chose to avoid outbreaks, 55.1% of the respondents increased the frequency of wearing masks, 54.7% of respondents avoided crowded places, 49.8% of respondents avoided eating poultry and eggs, 33.1 % Of the respondents avoided using public transportation. Conclusion The public in Beijing have some knowledge of human infection with H7N9 and some unacceptable behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen relevant knowledge and health education, develop good habits and improve their prevention and control of infectious diseases.