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目的了解医院临床分离气单胞菌的耐药现状及毒力基因分布情况,为临床合理用药和治疗提供依据。方法采用药敏试验和基因检测技术,对某医院临床分离的气单胞菌耐药性及其毒力基因进行检测与分析。结果该医院从临床病原学标本中共检出气单胞菌86株,以嗜水气单胞菌和豚鼠气单胞菌为主,构成比分别为41.86%和34.88%。此两种气单胞菌对头孢呋辛和头孢曲松的耐药率均接近甚至超过50%,未发现对呋喃妥因、替加环素和碳青霉烯类耐药菌株。从临床分离的气单胞菌中共检测出5种毒力基因型,有50%的嗜水气单胞菌至少携带一种以上的毒力基因。结论该医院临床分离的气单胞菌对部分抗生素有较高耐药率,毒力基因型复杂,应重视气单胞菌耐药性监测。
Objective To understand the clinical status of drug resistance and the distribution of virulence genes in clinical isolates of Aeromonas and to provide evidence for clinical rational use and treatment. Methods The sensitivity and virulence genes of Aeromonas isolates isolated from a hospital were tested and analyzed by drug sensitivity test and gene test. Results A total of 86 strains of Aeromonas were detected in clinical etiology specimens. Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas caviae were the main components, accounting for 41.86% and 34.88%, respectively. The resistance rate of these two kinds of Aeromonas to cefuroxime and ceftriaxone was close to or even exceeded 50%. No strains resistant to nitrofurantoin, tigecycline and carbapenem were found. Five virulent genotypes were detected from clinically isolated Aeromonas and 50% of Aeromonas hydrophila carried at least one virulence gene. Conclusion The clinical isolates of Aeromonas have higher resistance rate to some antibiotics and complicated virulence genotypes. The surveillance of Aeromonas resistance should be emphasized.