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针对回采等造成的非均称变形巷道支护难题,采用实验室实验、数值模拟、理论分析和现场工业试验的综合方法,研究了非均称变形巷道围岩位移、应力和塑性区等围岩稳定性指标变化规律,以及高强度分区锚网索支护作用,提出了非均称变形巷道高强度分区锚网索支护技术。研究结果表明:煤层回采等造成巷道周围应力非均称分布,导致围岩变形以顶板非均称下沉和两帮不对称位移为主;靠近采空区侧煤帮强度弱化,促使巷帮及顶板深部岩体向塑性破坏状态转变,围岩稳定性急剧劣化;同时,巷道帮部稳定性与顶板稳定性呈非线性正比关系,随着帮部变形量增加,顶板下沉量急剧增加,而顶板急剧下沉加速帮部煤体破坏。对顶板和两帮分区设计支护参数,增大采空区侧煤帮承载能力,减小顶板及实体煤帮围岩破坏范围,提高顶板以及作为顶板基础的两帮强度和抗变形能力,有效控制巷道非均称变形。
Aiming at the problem of non-symmetrical deformation roadway supporting caused by mining and so on, this paper studies the surrounding rock displacement, stress and plastic zone of surrounding rock with asymmetrical deformation in laboratory experiment, numerical simulation, theoretical analysis and field test. Stability index changes and the supporting effect of high-strength sub-area anchoring net. Proposed high-strength sub-area anchor net supporting technology for non-symmetrical deformation roadway. The results show that the stress around the roadway is caused by the non-symmetrical distribution of the surrounding rock, leading to the deformation of the surrounding rock with the unsymmetrical roof subsidence and two asymmetric displacements. The strength of the coal side close to the goaf is weakened, In the meantime, the stability of roadway gang is in a non-linear relationship with the stability of the roof. With the increase of the deformation of the gangue, the amount of roof subsidence increases sharply, while the stability of roof rock deteriorates sharply Rapid subsidence of the roof to accelerate the Ministry of coal damage. Design support parameters for the roof and two gang zones to increase the carrying capacity of side coal gangues in the goaf, reduce the failure range of roof rock and solid coal for surrounding rock, enhance the strength of the roof and the two gangs as the foundation of the roof, and be effective in deformation resistance Controlling the roadway non-uniform deformation.