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On May 29th 2014, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC and Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention released a Survey Report on Tobacco Use among Chinese Youth 2014, which is the first of the same kind that is nation-wide and also the result of the largest-scale survey in this field in the world. To everyone's shock, the smoking rate (smoky tobacco) among Chinese junior school students already exceeded 6%, which means that, six of every hundred junior school students are smokers…
2014年5月29日，中国国家卫生和计划生育委员会、中国疾病预防控制中心发布了《2014中国青少年烟草调查报告》。这是中国首个具有全国代表性的青少年烟草调查国家报告，也是全球青少年烟草调查史上最大规模的调查。然而令人触目惊心的是，中国初中生现在吸烟率(有烟烟草)已经超过了6%，这意味着，每100个初中生中，就有6个是烟民……
Youth smoking: a severe problem
青少年吸烟问题严重
Since 1990s, smoking became more common and prevalent among Chinese teenagers. China Tobacco Control Report 2008 showed that, four million Chinese youth among their 130 million peers have already tried their first cigarette. However, for youth, occasional smoking could easily decline to addiction. Till 2014, the number reached 9.4 million, one third of who have become tobacco users. Among the students who have tried cigars, 82.3% started this experimental behavior before the age of 13.
The 24-year-old Chen already has a 14-year-long history of smoking. Now, he at least carries 2 packs of cigarettes with him every day, not only satisfying him but also others. He started smoking at 10 years old. He first contacted cigarettes by buying a cheap pack of cigarette with a couple of his friends in his village, which was shared by the group. “At that time, we thought smoking quite cool, as a symptom for maturity.” His experience is quite typical.
20世纪90年代以来，吸烟现象在中国青少年中不断蔓延并呈加重趋势。《2008年中国控烟报告》中显示，中国1.3亿青少年中尝试吸烟者约为400万。然而对青少年而言，即使只是偶尔抽烟也可能很快成瘾。到了2014年，这一数值已经达到了940万，并且其中的三分之一已经成为烟草使用者。在尝试吸过卷烟的学生中，82.3%的尝试行为发生在13岁及之前。
今年24岁的陈某已有14年的烟龄。现在，他每天至少要带两包烟，不光自己抽还得分给其他人。陈某从10岁开始吸烟，第一次接触卷烟时，他和同村的四五个小伙伴掏出零花钱凑在一起，买了一包廉价香烟，每人分了几支。“当时学抽烟就觉得是一件很酷的事，是成熟的标志。”他的经历十分具有代表性。
Smoking among female teenagers is worth the same alert. The Survey Report 2014 showed that, smoking rate among girls in second-year and third-year junior school are respectively 2.1% and 2.2%. Now the smoking rate of junior school girls in eight provinces already surpassed that of women at and above the age of 15.
Abundant research indicates that, rare people start smoking or become habitual smokers after adolescence. With strong curiosity, youth are less aware on the chronic harm of tobacco to health, and once starting smoking, most of them would become life-long smokers. Half of Chinese daily smokers started smoking before 20. Nearly nine out of ten adult smokers started smoking before 19. At this age, a majority of youth who smoke are becoming or in the process of becoming habitual smokers. Once smoking becomes a habit and an addiction, smoking control and prevention requires tremendous efforts and strength. 女性青少年吸烟问题同样值得警醒。根据《2014中国青少年烟草调查报告》显示，初二和初三女生的现在吸烟率分别为2.1%和2.2%，全国有8个省份初中女生现在吸烟率已经超过了15岁及以上女性的吸烟率。
大量研究显示, 现在很少有人是在青少年期以后开始吸烟或成为习惯性吸烟者。青少年好奇心强，不易建立对长期慢性健康危害的认识，一旦开始吸烟，大部分会成为终身吸烟者。中国一半以上的每日吸烟者在20 岁以前开始吸烟。美国几乎十分之九的现今成年吸烟者是在19岁以前开始养成的吸烟习惯。在这个年龄,大多数要吸烟的青少年已经成为或正处在变成习惯吸烟者的过程中。吸烟一旦形成习惯和产生烟瘾，要想控烟和戒烟，就需要花费巨大气力。
External factors should
not be ignored
外界影响不容小觑
Youth are the hope of a nation. They should be provided with a benign smokeless environment for their growth and learning, but outside factors which seduce youth to smoke are present everywhere.
Tobacco adverts and promotions are ubiquitous. According to a survey, 48.5% of Chinese students are exposed to tobacco adverts and promotions through at least one channel. Tobacco products are easy to come by. Despite the prohibitions in China like “Do not sell cigarettes to youngsters” and “No cigarettes packs can be sold at the nearby of school”, 80.5% of students under 18 are not declined when purchasing cigarettes; 64.3% can buy cigar at the whereabouts of their schools. Beyond campus, tons of tobacco adverts can be seen everywhere. Worse still, 2% of students obtained free cigars at the promotion campaigns of tobacco companies. U.S. experts pointed out that, the U.S. tobacco industry spend 8.8 billion US dollars (one million per hour) every year to promote products which are lethal and highly addictive into the market and ceaseless rounds of new products to seduce youth, including sweet, cheap and electronic cigarettes.
青少年是国家的希望，本应给其创造一个良好的无烟成长和学习环境，然而鼓励并吸引青少年吸烟的外部因素却广泛存在。
烟草广告和促销随处可见。调查显示，一个月的时间内，48.5%的中国学生至少通过一种渠道看到过烟草广告或促销。烟草制品方便易得。虽然中国有相关法律法规要求“不向未成年人售烟”“学校周围不得卖烟”，但调查显示，80.5%的吸烟学生在购买卷烟时没有因为不满18岁而被拒绝；64.3%的吸烟学生可以在学校周边买到卷烟。校园外，大量的烟草广告促销随处可见。更为恶劣的是，还有2%的学生从烟草公司的促销活动中免费获得卷烟。美国专家也曾指出，美国烟草行业每年花费88亿美元（每小时100万美元）用于市场推广其致命且上瘾的产品，还在不断推出新产品来引诱青少年，包括甜味、廉价香烟和电子香烟等。
Influence of portents and teachers in this aspect cannot be underestimated. Director of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wang Yu said, over half of the students’ fathers are smokers and it exerted great impact on youth. Substantial research show that, compared with those kids with non-smoker parents, kids with smoker parents are more likely to become smokers. And teachers also play a part in this aspect. Research shows that, in the past week, 72.9% of students saw people smoke at home and public space at doors or outside. 57.5% claimed that at least one of their parents is smoker, and 13.3% saw their teacher smoke at school almost every day. Tobacco is cheap and quite available. In China, one pack of cigarette usually costs 5 RMB, which gives an easy access to youth. Compared with other countries, 80% of Chinese students are not declined when purchasing cigarettes on the grounds of under 18-year-old. Moreover, due to the cheap price of tobacco, about one fourth of junior school students buy cigarettes by “piece”, and over half of the students are exposed in second-hand smoking environment in campus.
另外，父母和教师吸烟对青少年的影响不可低估。中国疾病预防控制中心主任王宇说，一半以上的学生父亲是吸烟者，由于从小耳濡目染，对青少年的吸烟行为有很大的影响。大量研究表明，与父母不吸烟的孩子相比，父母吸烟的孩子更容易成为吸烟者，教师的行为对孩子也有明显的示范作用。根据调查显示，过去一个星期内，72.9%的学生在家、室内外公共场所见到有人吸烟。57.5%的学生声称自己的父母至少有一方是吸烟者，13.3%的学生几乎每天在学校见到教师吸烟。
烟草价格低廉，门槛较低。在中国，5元就能买到1包香烟，相对低廉的价格让青少年有了购买能力。与其他国家相比，中国80%的学生买烟时没有因为不满18岁而遭到拒绝。且烟草价格低廉，约1/4的初中生是按“支”购买卷烟，超过一半的学生在校园里暴露在二手烟中。
Keep teenagers from
the harm of tobacco
保护青少年免受烟草危害
May 31st, 2014, is the 27th World No-Tobacco Day with the theme of “Raising the Tobacco Taxes to Protect the Next Generation”. According to the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) of the World Health Organization (WHO), price and tax are effective and important ways for reducing tobacco consumption: if tobacco tax is rose by 10%, the tobacco consumption would be reduced by 4% in high-income countries and by 8% in most medium and low income countries. According to the demand elasticity theory, if the cigarette consumption tax is added for 1 RMB each package, it would affect the consumption of 10% teenagers.
Theoretically, there are three functions for decreasing teenager tobacco consumption through raising cigarettes’ price by tax: some teenagers would drop smoking; some would reduce the quantity and others would never start their first cigarette. Hu Dewei, professor of University of California said that, to raise tobacco price by tax is the most effective way for smoking control, especially when targeting teenagers. At the beginning of 2013, Obama proposed that the congress must improve the enforcement of federal taxes on tobacco remarkably and constantly carry out the media campaign of promoting lower rates of smoking… These effective management and measures made the teenager smoking rate fall to a new low in 2013 to 9.6% from 10.6% in 2012.
2014年5月31日是第27个世界无烟日，主题为“提高烟草税，保护下一代”。按照世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》，价格和税收是减少烟草消费的有效和重要手段：如果烟草税提高10%，在高收入国家会减少大约4%的烟草消费，在大多数中、低收入国家会减少高达8%的烟草消费。根据需求弹性理论，如果卷烟消费税每包增加1元钱，就会影响10%青少年的烟草消费行为。
理论上, 通过税收增加香烟价格来减少青少年烟草消费有以下3个作用：一些青少年将停止吸烟；一些青少年将减少吸烟数量；一些将永不吸第1支烟。美国加州大学胡德伟教授表示，烟草提税加价是所有控烟措施中最有效的，尤其是对青少年人群更为有效。奥巴马在2013年初提议国会必须显著提高对联邦烟草税的征收力度，降低吸烟率的媒体宣传活动持续开展……透过完全开展相关工作，这些有效的监管和措施使得美国青少年吸烟率在2013年降至新低，从2012年的10.6%降到了9.6%。 In terms of preventing minors smoking, Japan has formulated and implemented the Prohibiting Minors from Smoking Law, stipulating: people under the age of 20 cannot smoke; it is not allowed to sell cigarettes to minors; parents would be fined if they do not stop their minor children smoking; people would be fined 500,000 yen if they sell cigarettes, matches and lighters to minors. The vending machine can be seen everywhere in Japan. In order to prevent minors from buying cigarettes, the Japanese government issued an electronic card this year which can only be applied by adults, so that it needs to confirm the identity card when buying cigarettes on vending machine. This measure successfully put an end to the cigarettes-buying of teenagers in this way.
Singapore launches anti-smoking campaigns for adolescent smoking problem. On the “World No-Smoking Day” in 2010, the Singapore Health Promotion Department held an activity on Wujie Road, the most prosperous street. 1200 high school students and college students danced in designated movements and waved stimulated money to convey the message of no-smoking is good for health and saving money. On that day, more than 400 cigarette retailers promised to stop business and called for adolescents to love the life without cigarettes. Since those activities in 1970s, the Singapore government has carried out anti-smoking actions like maintaining high taxes on tobacco and providing smoking cessation counseling and it also publishes photos of yellow teeth and black lung on the cigarette case to warn the harm of smoking.
在防范未成年人吸烟方面，日本已经制定并实施《禁止未成年人吸烟法》，规定未满２０岁者不能吸烟；不准向未成年人贩卖香烟；父母知晓未成年子女吸烟而不加以制止的，将被处以罚款；向未成年人出售香烟、火柴和打火机等相关器具者，将被处以５０万日元罚款。在日本，自动售货机随处可见。为防止未成年人购买香烟，日本政府今年发行了一种电子卡片，此卡只有成年人才能申请领取，在自动售货机上购买香烟时需要刷卡确认身份。此举有效杜绝了青少年通过自动售货机购买香烟。
新加坡针对青少年吸烟问题推出反吸烟运动。在2010年“世界无烟日”当天，新加坡保健促进局在新加坡最繁华的商业街道乌节路上举行活动，1200名中学生和大学生在街道上按指定动作跳舞，挥动模拟钞票，传达不吸烟既有益健康又省钱的信息。此外，当天还有超过400家香烟零售商承诺停止营业，倡导青少年热爱“无烟”生活。自上世纪70年代新加坡开展反吸烟运动以来，政府采取了维持高烟草税、提供戒烟辅导等反吸烟措施，并在烟盒上刊登牙齿发黄、肺发黑的照片来警示吸烟的危害。
In China, there are more and more preventive and controlling strategies that are planned and implemented. On June 1st, 2007, the revised Law of Protection Minors was practiced officially. Selling tobaccos to minors is prohibited and the operators should set the sign of not selling cigarettes and alcohols to minors at an outstanding place; for those cannot be told whether are adults or not, operators need ask them to show their ID cards. However, Cui Li, Deputy Director of China’s National Health and Family Planning Commission, said that, to further protect teenagers from the harm of tobaccos, besides the comprehensive measures including raising tobacco taxes, it also needs to mobilize all social forces.
在中国，越来越多的预防和控制策略正在计划和实施。2007年6月1日开始正式实施修订后的《未成年人保护法》规定，禁止向未成年人出售烟酒，经营者应当在显著位置设置不向未成年人出售烟酒的标志；对难以判明是否已成年的，应当要求其出示身份证件。
然而，中国国家卫生计生委副主任崔丽指出，进一步保护青少年免遭烟草烟雾危害，除了要采取包括提高烟草税在内的综合性措施以外，还需要动员全社会的力量。
Postscript
后记：
It is a long-term, complicated and arduous project of profound affects to control youth smoking, which should be realized by starting from teenagers themselves, families, schools and societies. Since family is an environment that they contact most and the behavior of parents has great influence on their healthy actions, so to create a healthy family environment is especially important for safeguarding healthy growth of teenagers. Other measures like prohibiting the promotion and sponsor of tobacco advertisements, forbidding selling cigarettes to minors and strengthening the smoking-control work of schools are all effective for reducing adolescents smoking rate. We hope that, in the near future, 300 million teenagers in China and their counterparts around the world can study and grow up in a safe, healthy and smokeless environment.
控制青少年吸烟是一项长期、复杂、艰巨且影响深远的工程，要从青少年自身、家庭、学校和社会多方位入手共同实现。由于家庭是青少年接触最多的环境，父母的行为对青少年的健康相关行为影响巨大，因此，营造一个健康的家庭环境对于维护青少年的健康成长尤为重要。此外，禁止烟草广告促销和赞助、禁止向未成年人售烟、加大学校控烟工作力度等措施多管齐下也可以有效减少青少年吸烟。我们希望，在不久的未来，中国三亿青少年以及世界其他各国的青少年都能在安全、健康、无烟的环境中学习并成长！
2014年5月29日，中国国家卫生和计划生育委员会、中国疾病预防控制中心发布了《2014中国青少年烟草调查报告》。这是中国首个具有全国代表性的青少年烟草调查国家报告，也是全球青少年烟草调查史上最大规模的调查。然而令人触目惊心的是，中国初中生现在吸烟率(有烟烟草)已经超过了6%，这意味着，每100个初中生中，就有6个是烟民……
Youth smoking: a severe problem
青少年吸烟问题严重
Since 1990s, smoking became more common and prevalent among Chinese teenagers. China Tobacco Control Report 2008 showed that, four million Chinese youth among their 130 million peers have already tried their first cigarette. However, for youth, occasional smoking could easily decline to addiction. Till 2014, the number reached 9.4 million, one third of who have become tobacco users. Among the students who have tried cigars, 82.3% started this experimental behavior before the age of 13.
The 24-year-old Chen already has a 14-year-long history of smoking. Now, he at least carries 2 packs of cigarettes with him every day, not only satisfying him but also others. He started smoking at 10 years old. He first contacted cigarettes by buying a cheap pack of cigarette with a couple of his friends in his village, which was shared by the group. “At that time, we thought smoking quite cool, as a symptom for maturity.” His experience is quite typical.
20世纪90年代以来，吸烟现象在中国青少年中不断蔓延并呈加重趋势。《2008年中国控烟报告》中显示，中国1.3亿青少年中尝试吸烟者约为400万。然而对青少年而言，即使只是偶尔抽烟也可能很快成瘾。到了2014年，这一数值已经达到了940万，并且其中的三分之一已经成为烟草使用者。在尝试吸过卷烟的学生中，82.3%的尝试行为发生在13岁及之前。
今年24岁的陈某已有14年的烟龄。现在，他每天至少要带两包烟，不光自己抽还得分给其他人。陈某从10岁开始吸烟，第一次接触卷烟时，他和同村的四五个小伙伴掏出零花钱凑在一起，买了一包廉价香烟，每人分了几支。“当时学抽烟就觉得是一件很酷的事，是成熟的标志。”他的经历十分具有代表性。
Smoking among female teenagers is worth the same alert. The Survey Report 2014 showed that, smoking rate among girls in second-year and third-year junior school are respectively 2.1% and 2.2%. Now the smoking rate of junior school girls in eight provinces already surpassed that of women at and above the age of 15.
Abundant research indicates that, rare people start smoking or become habitual smokers after adolescence. With strong curiosity, youth are less aware on the chronic harm of tobacco to health, and once starting smoking, most of them would become life-long smokers. Half of Chinese daily smokers started smoking before 20. Nearly nine out of ten adult smokers started smoking before 19. At this age, a majority of youth who smoke are becoming or in the process of becoming habitual smokers. Once smoking becomes a habit and an addiction, smoking control and prevention requires tremendous efforts and strength. 女性青少年吸烟问题同样值得警醒。根据《2014中国青少年烟草调查报告》显示，初二和初三女生的现在吸烟率分别为2.1%和2.2%，全国有8个省份初中女生现在吸烟率已经超过了15岁及以上女性的吸烟率。
大量研究显示, 现在很少有人是在青少年期以后开始吸烟或成为习惯性吸烟者。青少年好奇心强，不易建立对长期慢性健康危害的认识，一旦开始吸烟，大部分会成为终身吸烟者。中国一半以上的每日吸烟者在20 岁以前开始吸烟。美国几乎十分之九的现今成年吸烟者是在19岁以前开始养成的吸烟习惯。在这个年龄,大多数要吸烟的青少年已经成为或正处在变成习惯吸烟者的过程中。吸烟一旦形成习惯和产生烟瘾，要想控烟和戒烟，就需要花费巨大气力。
External factors should
not be ignored
外界影响不容小觑
Youth are the hope of a nation. They should be provided with a benign smokeless environment for their growth and learning, but outside factors which seduce youth to smoke are present everywhere.
Tobacco adverts and promotions are ubiquitous. According to a survey, 48.5% of Chinese students are exposed to tobacco adverts and promotions through at least one channel. Tobacco products are easy to come by. Despite the prohibitions in China like “Do not sell cigarettes to youngsters” and “No cigarettes packs can be sold at the nearby of school”, 80.5% of students under 18 are not declined when purchasing cigarettes; 64.3% can buy cigar at the whereabouts of their schools. Beyond campus, tons of tobacco adverts can be seen everywhere. Worse still, 2% of students obtained free cigars at the promotion campaigns of tobacco companies. U.S. experts pointed out that, the U.S. tobacco industry spend 8.8 billion US dollars (one million per hour) every year to promote products which are lethal and highly addictive into the market and ceaseless rounds of new products to seduce youth, including sweet, cheap and electronic cigarettes.
青少年是国家的希望，本应给其创造一个良好的无烟成长和学习环境，然而鼓励并吸引青少年吸烟的外部因素却广泛存在。
烟草广告和促销随处可见。调查显示，一个月的时间内，48.5%的中国学生至少通过一种渠道看到过烟草广告或促销。烟草制品方便易得。虽然中国有相关法律法规要求“不向未成年人售烟”“学校周围不得卖烟”，但调查显示，80.5%的吸烟学生在购买卷烟时没有因为不满18岁而被拒绝；64.3%的吸烟学生可以在学校周边买到卷烟。校园外，大量的烟草广告促销随处可见。更为恶劣的是，还有2%的学生从烟草公司的促销活动中免费获得卷烟。美国专家也曾指出，美国烟草行业每年花费88亿美元（每小时100万美元）用于市场推广其致命且上瘾的产品，还在不断推出新产品来引诱青少年，包括甜味、廉价香烟和电子香烟等。
Influence of portents and teachers in this aspect cannot be underestimated. Director of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Wang Yu said, over half of the students’ fathers are smokers and it exerted great impact on youth. Substantial research show that, compared with those kids with non-smoker parents, kids with smoker parents are more likely to become smokers. And teachers also play a part in this aspect. Research shows that, in the past week, 72.9% of students saw people smoke at home and public space at doors or outside. 57.5% claimed that at least one of their parents is smoker, and 13.3% saw their teacher smoke at school almost every day. Tobacco is cheap and quite available. In China, one pack of cigarette usually costs 5 RMB, which gives an easy access to youth. Compared with other countries, 80% of Chinese students are not declined when purchasing cigarettes on the grounds of under 18-year-old. Moreover, due to the cheap price of tobacco, about one fourth of junior school students buy cigarettes by “piece”, and over half of the students are exposed in second-hand smoking environment in campus.
另外，父母和教师吸烟对青少年的影响不可低估。中国疾病预防控制中心主任王宇说，一半以上的学生父亲是吸烟者，由于从小耳濡目染，对青少年的吸烟行为有很大的影响。大量研究表明，与父母不吸烟的孩子相比，父母吸烟的孩子更容易成为吸烟者，教师的行为对孩子也有明显的示范作用。根据调查显示，过去一个星期内，72.9%的学生在家、室内外公共场所见到有人吸烟。57.5%的学生声称自己的父母至少有一方是吸烟者，13.3%的学生几乎每天在学校见到教师吸烟。
烟草价格低廉，门槛较低。在中国，5元就能买到1包香烟，相对低廉的价格让青少年有了购买能力。与其他国家相比，中国80%的学生买烟时没有因为不满18岁而遭到拒绝。且烟草价格低廉，约1/4的初中生是按“支”购买卷烟，超过一半的学生在校园里暴露在二手烟中。
Keep teenagers from
the harm of tobacco
保护青少年免受烟草危害
May 31st, 2014, is the 27th World No-Tobacco Day with the theme of “Raising the Tobacco Taxes to Protect the Next Generation”. According to the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) of the World Health Organization (WHO), price and tax are effective and important ways for reducing tobacco consumption: if tobacco tax is rose by 10%, the tobacco consumption would be reduced by 4% in high-income countries and by 8% in most medium and low income countries. According to the demand elasticity theory, if the cigarette consumption tax is added for 1 RMB each package, it would affect the consumption of 10% teenagers.
Theoretically, there are three functions for decreasing teenager tobacco consumption through raising cigarettes’ price by tax: some teenagers would drop smoking; some would reduce the quantity and others would never start their first cigarette. Hu Dewei, professor of University of California said that, to raise tobacco price by tax is the most effective way for smoking control, especially when targeting teenagers. At the beginning of 2013, Obama proposed that the congress must improve the enforcement of federal taxes on tobacco remarkably and constantly carry out the media campaign of promoting lower rates of smoking… These effective management and measures made the teenager smoking rate fall to a new low in 2013 to 9.6% from 10.6% in 2012.
2014年5月31日是第27个世界无烟日，主题为“提高烟草税，保护下一代”。按照世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》，价格和税收是减少烟草消费的有效和重要手段：如果烟草税提高10%，在高收入国家会减少大约4%的烟草消费，在大多数中、低收入国家会减少高达8%的烟草消费。根据需求弹性理论，如果卷烟消费税每包增加1元钱，就会影响10%青少年的烟草消费行为。
理论上, 通过税收增加香烟价格来减少青少年烟草消费有以下3个作用：一些青少年将停止吸烟；一些青少年将减少吸烟数量；一些将永不吸第1支烟。美国加州大学胡德伟教授表示，烟草提税加价是所有控烟措施中最有效的，尤其是对青少年人群更为有效。奥巴马在2013年初提议国会必须显著提高对联邦烟草税的征收力度，降低吸烟率的媒体宣传活动持续开展……透过完全开展相关工作，这些有效的监管和措施使得美国青少年吸烟率在2013年降至新低，从2012年的10.6%降到了9.6%。 In terms of preventing minors smoking, Japan has formulated and implemented the Prohibiting Minors from Smoking Law, stipulating: people under the age of 20 cannot smoke; it is not allowed to sell cigarettes to minors; parents would be fined if they do not stop their minor children smoking; people would be fined 500,000 yen if they sell cigarettes, matches and lighters to minors. The vending machine can be seen everywhere in Japan. In order to prevent minors from buying cigarettes, the Japanese government issued an electronic card this year which can only be applied by adults, so that it needs to confirm the identity card when buying cigarettes on vending machine. This measure successfully put an end to the cigarettes-buying of teenagers in this way.
Singapore launches anti-smoking campaigns for adolescent smoking problem. On the “World No-Smoking Day” in 2010, the Singapore Health Promotion Department held an activity on Wujie Road, the most prosperous street. 1200 high school students and college students danced in designated movements and waved stimulated money to convey the message of no-smoking is good for health and saving money. On that day, more than 400 cigarette retailers promised to stop business and called for adolescents to love the life without cigarettes. Since those activities in 1970s, the Singapore government has carried out anti-smoking actions like maintaining high taxes on tobacco and providing smoking cessation counseling and it also publishes photos of yellow teeth and black lung on the cigarette case to warn the harm of smoking.
在防范未成年人吸烟方面，日本已经制定并实施《禁止未成年人吸烟法》，规定未满２０岁者不能吸烟；不准向未成年人贩卖香烟；父母知晓未成年子女吸烟而不加以制止的，将被处以罚款；向未成年人出售香烟、火柴和打火机等相关器具者，将被处以５０万日元罚款。在日本，自动售货机随处可见。为防止未成年人购买香烟，日本政府今年发行了一种电子卡片，此卡只有成年人才能申请领取，在自动售货机上购买香烟时需要刷卡确认身份。此举有效杜绝了青少年通过自动售货机购买香烟。
新加坡针对青少年吸烟问题推出反吸烟运动。在2010年“世界无烟日”当天，新加坡保健促进局在新加坡最繁华的商业街道乌节路上举行活动，1200名中学生和大学生在街道上按指定动作跳舞，挥动模拟钞票，传达不吸烟既有益健康又省钱的信息。此外，当天还有超过400家香烟零售商承诺停止营业，倡导青少年热爱“无烟”生活。自上世纪70年代新加坡开展反吸烟运动以来，政府采取了维持高烟草税、提供戒烟辅导等反吸烟措施，并在烟盒上刊登牙齿发黄、肺发黑的照片来警示吸烟的危害。
In China, there are more and more preventive and controlling strategies that are planned and implemented. On June 1st, 2007, the revised Law of Protection Minors was practiced officially. Selling tobaccos to minors is prohibited and the operators should set the sign of not selling cigarettes and alcohols to minors at an outstanding place; for those cannot be told whether are adults or not, operators need ask them to show their ID cards. However, Cui Li, Deputy Director of China’s National Health and Family Planning Commission, said that, to further protect teenagers from the harm of tobaccos, besides the comprehensive measures including raising tobacco taxes, it also needs to mobilize all social forces.
在中国，越来越多的预防和控制策略正在计划和实施。2007年6月1日开始正式实施修订后的《未成年人保护法》规定，禁止向未成年人出售烟酒，经营者应当在显著位置设置不向未成年人出售烟酒的标志；对难以判明是否已成年的，应当要求其出示身份证件。
然而，中国国家卫生计生委副主任崔丽指出，进一步保护青少年免遭烟草烟雾危害，除了要采取包括提高烟草税在内的综合性措施以外，还需要动员全社会的力量。
Postscript
后记：
It is a long-term, complicated and arduous project of profound affects to control youth smoking, which should be realized by starting from teenagers themselves, families, schools and societies. Since family is an environment that they contact most and the behavior of parents has great influence on their healthy actions, so to create a healthy family environment is especially important for safeguarding healthy growth of teenagers. Other measures like prohibiting the promotion and sponsor of tobacco advertisements, forbidding selling cigarettes to minors and strengthening the smoking-control work of schools are all effective for reducing adolescents smoking rate. We hope that, in the near future, 300 million teenagers in China and their counterparts around the world can study and grow up in a safe, healthy and smokeless environment.
控制青少年吸烟是一项长期、复杂、艰巨且影响深远的工程，要从青少年自身、家庭、学校和社会多方位入手共同实现。由于家庭是青少年接触最多的环境，父母的行为对青少年的健康相关行为影响巨大，因此，营造一个健康的家庭环境对于维护青少年的健康成长尤为重要。此外，禁止烟草广告促销和赞助、禁止向未成年人售烟、加大学校控烟工作力度等措施多管齐下也可以有效减少青少年吸烟。我们希望，在不久的未来，中国三亿青少年以及世界其他各国的青少年都能在安全、健康、无烟的环境中学习并成长！