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利用有限元分析软件模拟了厚度为5 mm的5A06铝合金圆筒纵缝焊接过程。对残余应力在整个筒体上的分布进行了定量的描述,并进行了试验验证。通过加载的方法,在圆筒上施加一定的预置应力,使之产生的拉伸塑性变形与焊接时在焊缝及其附近所产生的压缩性变形部分抵消,达到控制焊接变形的目的。结果表明,该方法能有效控制圆筒纵向收缩及角变形。
Using finite element analysis software to simulate the thickness of 5 mm 5A06 aluminum cylinder longitudinal seam welding process. The distribution of residual stress in the whole cylinder is quantitatively described and verified by experiments. Through the method of loading, a certain preset stress is exerted on the cylinder so that the tensile plastic deformation caused by it is offset with the compressive deformation generated in the weld and its vicinity during welding, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the welding deformation. The results show that this method can effectively control the cylinder longitudinal shrinkage and angular deformation.