大肠癌是人类主要恶性肿瘤之一,在西方发达国家大肠癌仅次于肺癌列恶性肿瘤的第2位,在我国一些大城市也呈上升趋势。在发病率上升的同时,其发病年龄趋向年轻化,发病部位趋向近端结肠。研究表明,大肠癌的发生是一个多因素多步骤的过程,是机体的内因与环境的外因交互作用的结果。 Colorectal cancer is one of the major malignancies in humans. Colorectal cancer is second only to malignant tumors of lung cancer in Western developed countries, and is also rising in some major cities in China. As the incidence rate increases, the age of onset tends to be younger, and the site of disease tends to be proximal to the colon. Studies have shown that the occurrence of colorectal cancer is a multi-factor and multi-step process, which is the result of external interactions between the internal causes of the organism and the environment.