目的分析2016年宝鸡市妇女宫颈癌和乳腺癌筛查结果,了解患病情况并探讨致病的相关影响因素,为宫颈癌和乳腺癌的预防和诊治提供依据。方法对2016年1-12月陕西省宝鸡市辖区户籍25~65岁的妇女进行免费自愿筛查,遵循全面动员、自愿参加筛査的原则,统一诊断标准和问卷。宫颈癌的筛查采用常规阴道及宫颈分泌物检查、宫颈脱落细胞学TBS检查联合HPV-DNA检测进行,乳腺癌的筛查采用乳腺彩色多普勒超声联合钼靶检查进行。对可疑病例定期复诊随访。结果户籍资料显示,宝鸡市25~65岁的户籍妇女82 459人,自愿参加宫颈癌筛查的60 472人、筛查率为73.34%,自愿参加乳腺癌筛查的45 198人、筛查率为54.81%。接受宫颈癌筛查的60 472人检查出阳性标本1 923人,阳性率为3.18%。根据临床诊断和筛查结果,进行阴道镜检查的5 782人,有2 319人阴道镜下取宫颈活组织进行病理学检查,最终检出宫颈病变153人,其中宫颈癌6人。在接受乳腺疾病检查的45 198人中有18 965人行乳腺超声检查,3 219人行钼靶检査,检出乳腺疾病8 125人,检出率为17.98%。接受钼靶检査的患者,查出良性病变125人,疑似乳腺癌35人,乳腺癌24人;随访显示,经手术后病理检查确诊乳腺癌37例。城镇户口妇女的筛查率显著高于农村户口妇女,已婚妇女的筛查率显著高于未婚妇女,文化程度高妇女的筛查率显著高于文化程度低妇女,收入高妇女的筛查率显著高于收入低妇女,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论进一步完善妇女宫颈癌和乳腺癌的筛查制度,适时开展妇女免费筛查工作,做到早发现、早治疗,对降低两癌的发病率和死亡率具有重要意义。 Objective To analyze the screening results of cervical cancer and breast cancer in Baoji City in 2016 to understand the prevalence and to explore the related factors of pathogenicity so as to provide the basis for the prevention and diagnosis of cervical cancer and breast cancer. Methods From January to December in 2016, women aged 25 ~ 65 years old living in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province were randomly and voluntarily screened. The principles of full mobilization and voluntary participation in screening were followed, and the diagnostic criteria and questionnaires were unified. Cervical cancer screening with conventional vaginal and cervical secretions examination, cervical cytology TBS combined with HPV-DNA test, breast cancer screening using mammography and color Doppler ultrasound. Suspected cases of regular follow-up visits. Results According to the household registration data, there were 82 459 domicile women aged 25-65 in Baoji City, 60 472 women volunteered for cervical cancer screening, the screening rate was 73.34%, and 45 198 women volunteered for breast cancer screening. The screening rate 54.81%. A total of 1 923 positive samples were detected in 60 472 people who underwent screening for cervical cancer. The positive rate was 3.18%. According to the results of clinical diagnosis and screening, 5 782 colposcopy were performed, and 2 319 colposcopic biopsies were taken under colposcopy for pathological examination. Finally, 153 cervical lesions were detected, of which 6 were cervical cancer. Of the 45 198 people who underwent breast disease examinations, 18,965 were examined by breast ultrasonography and 3,219 by mammography. Breast disease was detected in 8,125 and the detection rate was 17.98%. Molybdenum target examination in patients with benign lesions detected 125 people, 35 suspected breast cancer, breast cancer 24; follow-up showed that 37 cases of breast cancer confirmed by pathological examination after surgery. Screening rates of urban hukou women were significantly higher than those of rural hukou women, with significantly higher screening rates for married women than for unmarried women, and those with a high level of education were significantly more likely to screen than those with low levels of education and those with high incomes Significantly higher than low-income women, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions To further improve the screening system for cervical cancer and breast cancer in women, it is of great importance to carry out free screening of women in time so that early detection and early treatment can reduce the morbidity and mortality of the two cancers.