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Plants produce jasmonic acid(JA) and its amino acid conjugate,jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine(JA-lle) as major defense signals in response to wounding and herbivory.In rice(Oryza sativa),JA and JA-lle rapidly increased after mechanical damage,and this increase was further amplified when the wounds were treated with oral secretions from generalist herbivore larvae,lawn armyworms(Spodoptera mauritia),revealing for the first time active perception mechanisms of herbivore-associated elicitor(s) in rice.In the rice genome, two OsJAR genes can conjugate JA and lle and form JA-lle in vitro;however,their function in herbivoryinduced accumulation of JA-lle has not been investigated.By functional characterization of TOS17 retrotransposon-tagged Osjar1 plants and their response to simulated herbivory,we show that OsJAR1 is essential for JA-lle production in herbivore-attacked,field-grown plants.In addition,OsJAFM was required for normal seed development in rice under field conditions.Our results suggest that OsJAR1 possesses at least two major functions in rice defense and development that cannot be complemented by the additional OsJAR2 gene function,although this gene previously showed overlapping enzyme activity in vitro.
Plants produce jasmonic acid (JA) and its amino acid conjugate, jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine (JA-lle) as major defense signals in response to wounding and herbivory.In rice (Oryza sativa), JA and JA-lle rapidly increased after mechanical damage, and this increase was further amplified when the wounds were treated with oral secretions from generalist herbivore larvae, lawn armyworms (Spodoptera mauritia), revealing for the first time active perception mechanisms of herbivore-associated elicitor (s) in rice.In the rice genome, two OsJAR genes can conjugate JA and lle and form JA-lle in vitro; however, their function in herbivory induced accumulation of JA-lle has not been investigated. By functional characterization of TOS17 retrotransposon-tagged Osjar1 plants and their response to simulated herbivory , we show that OsJAR1 is essential for JA-lle production in herbivore-attacked, field-grown plants. In addition, OsJAFM was required for normal seed development in rice under field conditions. Our results suggest t hat OsJAR1 possesses at least two major functions in rice defense and development that can not be complemented by the additional OsJAR2 gene function, although this gene previously cited overlapping enzyme activity in vitro.