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花生是重要的油料作物,成熟花生的出仁率不仅与花生的产油量相关,还与果壳厚度及脱壳难易程度相关,是花生遗传改良的重要性状。本研究以远杂9102×徐州68-4杂交后代衍生的重组自交系(RIL)的188个家系为材料,2013—2014年连续2年考察出仁率和荚果表型,发现有29份材料的出仁率稳定高于高值亲本远杂9102。出仁率与荚果长、荚果宽、荚果厚和百果重之间呈显著或极显著负相关。利用已构建的包含365个标记22个连锁群的遗传连锁图,采用Win QTLcart 2.5软件的复合区间作图法对出仁率进行QTL定位和效应估计,2年共检测到22个出仁率QTL,表型贡献率为2.75%~13.49%,其中2年重复检测到的区间有5个(AHGS0344–AGGS2438、AGGS0957–AHGA7048、AGGS0058–AHGA72558、AHTE0446–AHGA363492和AGGS0311–AGGS2287),分布在连锁群LG02、LG03和LG10上,表型贡献率为3.61%~13.49%。结合前期对该群体荚果大小QTL定位分析结果,有4个与出仁率相关的区间同时存在荚果大小QTL,其遗传效应均相反。在2年能检测到的出仁率QTL中,LG02上的区间AHGS0344–AGGS2438有与荚果长相关的QTL。在1年能检测到的出仁率QTL中,LG13上的区间AHTE0470–AGGS1233有与荚果长、百果重相关的QTL,LG06上的区间AGGS1363–AHGA24894有与荚果长相关的QTL,LG18上的区间AHTE0381–AGGS0100有与荚果宽、荚果厚相关的QTL。
Peanut is an important oilseed crop. The kernel rate of mature peanut is not only related to the oil yield of peanut, but also related to the thickness of the shell and the ease of shelling. It is an important trait of peanut genetic improvement. In this study, 188 families of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from Yuanza 9102 × Xuzhou 68-4 were used as material. The kernel rate and pod phenotype were examined for two consecutive years from 2013 to 2014, and 29 materials The kernel rate was higher than that of the high parent 9102. The kernel rate and pod length, pod width, pod thickness and fruit weight were significant or extremely significant negative correlation. QTL mapping and effect estimation of kernel rate were carried out by using the composite interval mapping method of Win QTLcart 2.5 software. Genetic linkage maps of 22 linkage groups with 365 markers were constructed and 22 kernel rate QTLs were detected in 2 years , And the phenotypic contribution rates ranged from 2.75% to 13.49%. Five of them were detected in two years (AHGS0344-AGGS2438, AGGS0957-AHGA7048, AGGS0058-AHGA72558, AHTE0446-AHGA363492 and AGGS0311- AGGS2287) , LG03 and LG10, the phenotypic contribution rate was 3.61% ~ 13.49%. According to the QTL analysis of pod size in this population, four QTLs for pod size coexisted with the kernel rate, and the genetic effects were opposite. Among 2 QTLs for kernel rate that can be detected, interval QTL on LG02 has QTL related to pod length. Among the QTLs for kernels that could be detected in one year, QTL for pod length and fruit weight were found in the range of AHTE0470-AGGS1233 on LG13, AGGS1363-AHGA24894 on interval LG06 had pod length-related QTL, The interval AHTE0381-AGGS0100 has QTLs related to pod width and pod thickness.