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明代张岱论与人交往,谓“人无癖,不可与交,以其无深情也;人无疵,不可与交,以其无真气也。”(《陶庵梦忆祁止祥癖》)。在与袁宏道论人时,他又说:“世人但有殊癖,终身不易,便是名士。”(《与潘景升书》)。在张岱,他认为一个人有癖、有疵,就意味着有深情,有真气,有与众不同的个性,有傲世刺世的锋芒。所有这些,其实都是建立在宽容的基础上的。试想,一个人,如果没有一种宽容的处世态度,也就难以容纳他人身上的种种瑕疵,种种怪癖,这样做的结果,自然也就很难体会到一个人所蕴含的深情
Zhang Dai on the Ming Dynasty and people contact, that “people without addiction, can not and pay, with no deep affection; unblemished, can not and pay, with no infuriating also.” (“Tao Nun dream Yi Qixiang addiction”). When talking about Yuan Hongdao, he added: “The world is different from others, and life is not easy. It is a celebrity.” In Zhang Dai, he considered a man addicted, defective, it means that there are affectionate, infuriating, distinctive personality, the world’s edge of pride. All of this is actually based on tolerance. Imagine, a person, without a tolerant attitude of the world, it is difficult to accommodate the flaws of others, all sorts of quirks, the result of doing so, naturally it is difficult to appreciate the deep feelings of a person