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肠道上皮细胞功能的发挥依赖于定植在隐窝底部肠道干细胞(intestinal stem cells,ISCs)正常的增殖和分化。ISCs周边细胞及其相关生长因子共同组成了干细胞巢,调控ISCs的功能。来自于肠腔中的营养素也能够作用于肠道干细胞,调节肠道干细胞的增殖功能,从而影响肠道上皮的形态及功能。以Wnt/β-catenin等为代表的信号转导途径参与了上述调节过程。该文综述了近年来不同营养素对肠道干细胞增殖分化的影响,为实现肠道干细胞增殖分化的营养调控提供新的思路。
The function of intestinal epithelial cells depends on the normal proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) colonized at the bottom of crypt. The cells surrounding ISCs and their related growth factors make up the stem cell nests and regulate the function of ISCs. Nutrients from the gut lumen also act on gut stem cells, regulating the proliferation of gut stem cells, thereby affecting the morphology and function of the gut epithelium. The signal transduction pathway represented by Wnt / β-catenin is involved in the above regulation process. This review summarizes the effects of different nutrients on the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells in recent years and provides a new idea for the regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells.