鉴于互联网以及全球信息基础设施的其它元素都是全球性的,传播政策本身也正成为一个全球性的问题。由于有许多不同的国际组织、国家政府和私营实体介入其中,对适用的方法还存在许多争论,因此人们对传播政策管理系统的认识还不清晰。全球政策机制的最终形成牵涉到在信息、传播和文化等组成元素之间所进行的协商,而从国家关系学科发展起来的机制理论,能帮助我们更好地理解这些协商活动的本质。机制理论对信息与传播政策分析特别有价值,因为它超越了正式的法律条文,而包涵了期望汇聚而产生的明确或含蓄的原则、规范、规则和决策程序。机制理论经常被运用在政策问题领域,比如有很长历史的防御政策。当一个像传播与信息政策这样的主题领域的全球管理系统尚处于新兴状态,机制形成所经历的多种协商过程之间就存在冲突。对许多信息政策问题的发展分析,比如数据隐私,提供了对冲突性过程的认识。这样的例子有对美国主导全球系统的地区抵制,还有公司面对市场波动而采取的保守主义。另外,通过分析中国参与多项主题的全球决策所产生的影响,介绍了机制形成的另外几种重要过程,比如说不同参与者相对权重的变化,以及将一个非常大的市场作为政策试验田的机会。这样,在全球信息政策机制新型过程中,中国对形成该机制的本质正发挥着举足轻重的作用。 Given the global nature of the Internet and other elements of the global information infrastructure, communication policy itself is becoming a global issue. As many different international organizations, national governments and private entities have intervened, there are still many arguments about the applicable methodology, and so there is no clear understanding of the system of communication policy management. The final formation of a global policy mechanism involves consultation between components of information, communication and culture. The theory of mechanisms developed from the subject of national relations can help us better understand the nature of these consultative activities. Mechanism theory is particularly valuable for ICT policy analysis because it goes beyond formal legal provisions and encompasses explicit or implicit principles, norms, rules and decision-making processes that arise from the convergence of expectations. Mechanism theory is often used in policy issues, such as defense policies with a long history. While a global management system in the thematic area such as communications and information policy is still nascent, there are conflicts between the various negotiating processes undergone by the mechanism. Developmental analyzes of many information policy issues, such as data privacy, provide insight into the process of conflict. Examples include regional boycotts of the U.S.-led global system and the conservatism that companies face in the face of market volatility. In addition, by analyzing the impact of China’s global decision-making on a variety of topics, several important processes for the formation of mechanisms are introduced, such as changes in the relative weights of different actors and the opportunity to use a very large market as a policy pilot . In this way, China is playing a decisive role in forming this mechanism during the new type of global information policy mechanism.