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农田生态系统是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,起着碳源和碳汇的双重作用,对维持整个生态系统碳平衡具有重要意义.本文基于Arc GIS 10.1、SPSS 20.0、Sigmaplot 12.5等分析平台,以农田生态系统为研究对象,构建农田生态系统碳足迹模型,分析2005—2014年河南省农田生态系统碳排放、碳吸收和碳足迹及三者之间的关系.结果表明:2005—2014年,研究区碳排放年平均增长率为2.7%,其中因化肥施用引起的碳排放量占总碳排放量的比例最高,占66.2%,且化肥的使用强度为890.38 kg·hm~(-2),远高于发达国家公认的安全警戒线225kg·hm~(-2).河南省农田生态系统的碳总储量整体呈逐年上升趋势,其中,小麦的碳吸收比例最高,占总吸收量的60%,水稻的碳吸收增速最快,为7.9%.河南省农田生态系统存在碳生态盈余,且农田生态系统碳足迹总体呈现不断增加趋势,农田生态系统碳足迹占同期生产性土地面积(耕地)的平均比例为5.7%.研究区碳排放、碳吸收、碳足迹的空间变化较为一致,均呈现东南多、西北少的空间分布规律,且地区差异及变化幅度差异较大是三者的最主要外部特征.
Farmland ecosystem is an important part of terrestrial ecosystem and plays a dual role of carbon source and carbon sink, which is of great significance to maintain the carbon balance of the entire ecosystem.Based on ArcGIS 10.1, SPSS 20.0, Sigmaplot 12.5 and other analysis platforms, Farmland ecosystem as the research object and construct the model of farmland ecosystem carbon footprint and analyze the relationship between the carbon emission, carbon absorption and carbon footprint of farmland ecosystem in Henan Province from 2005 to 2014. The results show that from 2005 to 2014, The average annual growth rate of carbon emissions in the district was 2.7%, of which carbon emissions due to chemical fertilizers accounted for the highest proportion of total carbon emissions, accounting for 66.2%, and the intensity of using chemical fertilizers was 890.38 kg · hm -2 far Which is higher than 225 kg · hm -2 recognized by developed countries.The total carbon storage in agro-ecosystem of Henan Province shows an increasing trend year by year. Among them, the proportion of carbon in wheat is the highest, accounting for 60% of the total, The carbon uptake rate of rice was the fastest, 7.9% .However, there was carbon ecological surplus in farmland ecosystem in Henan Province, and the carbon footprint of farmland ecosystem showed an increasing trend in general. The carbon footprint of farmland ecosystem accounted for the same period of productive land The average proportion of plot (cultivated land) is 5.7% .The spatial variation of carbon emission, carbon absorption and carbon footprint in the study area are consistent, showing the spatial distribution of southeast and northwest less, and the regional differences and the range of variation is three The most important external characteristics of the person.