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儿童期普发的重复行为,有相当部分是正常儿童的重复练习、重复游戏和特定情境中的自我刺激行为,而有一些可能是与孤独症、智力落后等异常发展症状相联系的刻板行为。辨析二者的关键在于:是否具有指向性和身心发展功能;是否具有广泛性、灵活性和转向性;是否涉及自伤行为;行为的发生频率与类型是否会随着年龄而变化。未来的研究可参考正常与异常儿童重复行为的本质差异设计或修订有关量表,以便及早发现儿童重复行为中的异常表现,以促进对孤独症或其他异常发展儿童的鉴别和诊断。另外,有关刻板行为的神经生理基础研究也有待加强。
A significant part of repetitive childhood hypersensitivity is repeated practice by normal children, repetitive games and self-motivation in specific contexts, but some may be stereotypical behaviors associated with abnormal developmental symptoms such as autism and mental retardation. The key to distinguish between the two is whether they have the function of directionality and physical and mental development, whether they have the characteristics of extensiveness, flexibility and diversion, whether they involve self-injurious behavior, and whether the frequency and type of behavior change with age. Future studies may refer to the essential differences between normal and abnormal children’s repetitive behavior to design or revise the relevant scales in order to detect abnormalities in children’s repeated behaviors as soon as possible so as to promote the identification and diagnosis of autism or other abnormally developing children. In addition, basic research on neurophysiology of stereotyping needs to be strengthened.