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本文首度将达尔文理论引入语言学,用进化论解释语言的产生、发展和变化。语言可比作自然有机体,其产生不以人类意志为转移;语言根据确定的规律成长起来,不断发展,逐渐衰老,最终走向死亡。语言与物种一样,也是长期演化的结果。正如一切自然有机体都源于单细胞,一切语言有机体也都源自语言的细胞——词根。对语言又可以像对生物种群及其差异一样作分类描述,生物学上的属、种、亚种等一系列概念在语言学上均有平行的表达,如语系、语族、语言、方言、次方言、土语、个人言语等等。现存的人类语言无一不是通过种群的逐渐分化和生存竞争而形成。语言学因此是一门自然科学。
This article, for the first time, introduces Darwinism into linguistics and uses evolution theory to explain the emergence, development and changes of language. Language can be compared to natural organism, its production does not depend on the will of human beings; language grows up in accordance with the established law, continuous development, aging, and eventually to death. Language, like species, is also the result of long-term evolution. Just as all natural organisms originate from a single cell, all linguistic organisms are also derived from the language of the cell - stem. Language pairs can be classified and described in the same way as biological populations and their differences. A series of concepts such as biological genera, species, and subspecies are linguistically paralleled, such as language family, ethnic group, language, dialect, Dialect, Turkish language, personal speech and so on. The existing human language is all through the gradual differentiation of the population and competition for survival. Linguistics is therefore a natural science.