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Fluvial landforms in the Anhui section of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River are often considered as the main factors for frequent floods. It is these special landforms that influence the channel changes of the Changjiang River.Using Landsat TM image of 2000, this paper conducted a series of image processing, including principal component analysis, multi-spectral composition, gray value statstics, and spectral analysis of ground objects. Then it got a new interpretation map of different kinds of fluvial landforms of the Changjiang River in the Anhui section. Based on the interpretation mentioned above, the paper analyzes the distribution and characteristics of such typical landforms as terraces, floodplains and battures, and their functions on the changes of river channel. The results show a consistence with the earlier conclusion that the Anhui section of the Changjiang River tends to deflect gradually toward south,which provides more implications for further study on the geomorphologic evolution of the river channel.