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简述了受压表面(半椭圆)裂纹的三维破裂实验结果,并对三维破裂的应力判据理论进行了研究。对弥合初始破裂的方法进行了改进。指出Palaniswamy和Knauss提出的极值(EV)方法存在重要缺陷,主要是只考虑了两个欧拉角(2EA),忽略了第三个欧拉角的变化。如果将三个欧拉角(3EA)全部考虑进去,其弥合效果会有质的变化,能够弥合成实验观测到的曲面,而不是平面。提出了法向矢量法(NSDV),并证明和3欧拉角法(3EA)等效。证明法向矢量法(NSDV)可以进一步优化为求最大主应力的主面集合法(CFPDP)。用主面集合法的计算结果可以很好地弥合已有的三维破裂实验中观察到的初始破裂曲面。主面集合法可以用于椭圆裂纹模型弥合埋深断层的滑动段破裂。三维破裂研究的结果,可以用来解释地震断层中大量的跨尺度破碎现象,解释板缘断层在低剪切力作用下地震的发生以及孕震过程中EDA(张性扩容各向异性)裂隙引起的介质各向异性机理。
The experimental results of three-dimensional fracture of the surface under compression (semi-elliptical) are briefly described, and the stress criterion theory of three-dimensional fracture is also studied. The method of bridging the initial rupture has been improved. It is pointed out that the extreme value (EV) method proposed by Palaniswamy and Knauss has important flaws. The main consideration is only two Euler angles (2EA), ignoring the third Euler angle. If all three Euler angles (3EA) are taken into account, there will be a qualitative change in the closeness effect, which will make it possible to close the experimentally observed surface instead of the plane. The normal vector method (NSDV) was proposed and proved to be equivalent to 3 Euler angle method (3EA). It is proved that the normal vector method (NSDV) can be further optimized to be the principal plane set method (CFPDP) for maximum principal stress. The results of principal plane set method can well bridge the initial rupture surface observed in the previous three-dimensional rupture experiment. The principal face set method can be used to model the elliptical crack model to close the rupture of the sliding segment of the buried deep fault. The results of the three-dimensional fracture study can be used to explain the large number of transversal crushing faults in seismic faults and to explain the occurrence of earthquakes under low shear forces in the plate margin faults and the EDA (tensile anisotropy) fissures in the seismogenic process The medium anisotropy mechanism.